Análise citomorfobioquímica de sémen
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2022-01-21
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Define-se infertilidade como a incapacidade de alcançar a gravidez após 1 ano de relações sexuais ativas, sem o uso de qualquer método contracetivo. A fertilidade é um processo muito complexo que envolve vários passos: formação, transporte dos gametas, fertilização e implantação. A infertilidade masculina pode estar relacionada com diversas causas como alterações genéticas, anatómicas, infeções, ou estilo de vida e exposição a fatores ambientais. Este trabalho teve como principal objetivo a análise citomorfobioquímica de 40 amostras anonimizadas de sémen de pacientes que recorreram às consultas de fertilidade do Centro Hospitalar de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, e de 5 estudos citogenéticos. Nas 40 amostras procedeu-se à avaliação dos parâmetros espermáticos, de acordo com a Organização Mundial de Saúde - Manual de Laboratório para o Exame e Processamento de Sémen Humano. O estudo citogenético consistiu na realização da cultura de sangue periférico, manipulação, espalhamento, bandeamento e análise utilizando os protocolos estabelecidos no laboratório. Na análise do sémen, obtiveram-se 7 amostras com oligospermia, 3 com azoospermia, 10 com oligozoospermia, 1 com astenozoospermia, 12 com teratozoospermia, 2 com necrozoospermia, 1 com astenoteratozoospermia, 2 com oligoateratozoospermia, 1 com oligoastenozoospermia e 1 com oligoastenoteratozoospermia. A análise citogenética permitiu diagnosticar na amostra 1 síndrome de Klinefelter (47,XXY), na amostra 5 uma translocação robertsoniana (45,XY,der(13;14)(q10;q10)) e nas restantes análises 46,XY. A qualidade do esperma é o fator determinante na avaliação da fertilidade masculina. Os parâmetros microscópicos, como a concentração, motilidade, vitalidade e morfologia dos espermatozoides são os que têm maior influência na capacidade de conceção e na avaliação do funcionamento dos testículos e integridade do epidídimo. A análise citogenética permitiu clarificar a causa da infertilidade e o aconselhamento para o casal. Contudo, 15% dos casos a infertilidade é idiopática, por isso é importante continuar a estudar este problema.
Infertility is defined as the inability to achieve pregnancy after 1 year of active sexual intercourse, without the use of any method of contraception. Fertility is a very complex process that involves several steps: formation, transport of gametes, fertilization, and implantation. Male infertility can be related with several causes such as genetic changes, anatomical changes, infections, or lifestyle and exposure to environmental factors. The main objective of this study was the cytomorphobiochemical analysis of 40 anonymized semen samples from patients who attended fertility consultations at the Centro Hospitalar de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, and 5 cytogenetic studies. The 40 samples were evaluated for sperm parameters, according to the World Health Organization – Laboratory Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human Semen. The cytogenetic study diagnosed of peripheral blood culture, manipulation, spreading, banding and analysis using established laboratory protocols. Semen analysis yield 7 samples with oligospermia, 3 with azoospermia, 10 with oligozoospermia, 1 with asthenozoospermia, 12 with teratozoospermia, 2 with necrozoospermia, 1 with asthenoterzoospermia, 2 with oligoatheratheratozoospermia, 1 with oligoasthenozoospermia and 1 with oligoasthenoterzoospermia. Cytogenetic analysis allowed diagnosing in sample 1 Klinefelter syndrome (47,XXY), in sample 5 a robertsonian translocation (45,XY,der(13;14)(q10;q10)) and in the remaing analyses 46,XY. Sperm quality is the determining factor in the evaluation of male fertility. Microscopic parameters such as sperm concentration, motility, vitality, and morphology have the greatest influence on the ability to conceive capacity and on the evalution of testicular function and epididymal integrity. Cytogenetic analysis has allowed clarification of the cause of infertility and couseling for the couple. However, 15% of cases infertility is idiopathic, so it is important to continue to study this problema.
Infertility is defined as the inability to achieve pregnancy after 1 year of active sexual intercourse, without the use of any method of contraception. Fertility is a very complex process that involves several steps: formation, transport of gametes, fertilization, and implantation. Male infertility can be related with several causes such as genetic changes, anatomical changes, infections, or lifestyle and exposure to environmental factors. The main objective of this study was the cytomorphobiochemical analysis of 40 anonymized semen samples from patients who attended fertility consultations at the Centro Hospitalar de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, and 5 cytogenetic studies. The 40 samples were evaluated for sperm parameters, according to the World Health Organization – Laboratory Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human Semen. The cytogenetic study diagnosed of peripheral blood culture, manipulation, spreading, banding and analysis using established laboratory protocols. Semen analysis yield 7 samples with oligospermia, 3 with azoospermia, 10 with oligozoospermia, 1 with asthenozoospermia, 12 with teratozoospermia, 2 with necrozoospermia, 1 with asthenoterzoospermia, 2 with oligoatheratheratozoospermia, 1 with oligoasthenozoospermia and 1 with oligoasthenoterzoospermia. Cytogenetic analysis allowed diagnosing in sample 1 Klinefelter syndrome (47,XXY), in sample 5 a robertsonian translocation (45,XY,der(13;14)(q10;q10)) and in the remaing analyses 46,XY. Sperm quality is the determining factor in the evaluation of male fertility. Microscopic parameters such as sperm concentration, motility, vitality, and morphology have the greatest influence on the ability to conceive capacity and on the evalution of testicular function and epididymal integrity. Cytogenetic analysis has allowed clarification of the cause of infertility and couseling for the couple. However, 15% of cases infertility is idiopathic, so it is important to continue to study this problema.
Descrição
Relatório de Estágio original, para o efeito da obtenção do grau de Mestre em Biotecnologia para as Ciências da Saúde, na Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro
Palavras-chave
Sémen , infertilidade