Hipotiroidismo Canino
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Data
2010
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A patologia endócrina mais frequentemente diagnosticada na espécie canina é o hipotiroidismo. Esta situação clínica resulta de uma produção insuficiente ou mesmo nula das hormonas tiroideas, a tiroxina (T4) e a triiodotironina (T3). A localização tiroidea, hipofisária ou hipotalâmica da alteração etiológica responsável por esta diminuição hormonal define o hipotiroidismo como primário, secundário ou terciário, respectivamente. Esta patologia apresenta um amplo leque de sinais clínicos correspondentes a alterações em inúmeros sistemas orgânicos e/ou funcionais do organismo. Por esta razão, o seu diagnóstico pode não ser fácil e só deve ser estabelecido de modo definitivo após a interpretação conjunta do quadro clínico e laboratorial apresentado por cada caso. O tratamento desta desordem endócrina, apesar de vitalício, permite a sobrevivência e qualidade de vida dos animais hipotiroideos.
O hipotiroidismo foi o centro de interesse e o objecto deste estudo. Durante os últimos 2 anos, na Clínica Veterinária de Santa Rita, foram diagnosticados e, devidamente, acompanhados 11 casos clínicos de canídeos que apresentavam sinais clínicos e resultados laboratoriais compatíveis com hipotiroidismo. Estes pacientes foram avaliados em relação a vários parâmetros associados a esta patologia. Os factores suspeitos ou confirmados como predisponentes da doença foram os primeiros parâmetros sujeitos a avaliação, incluíram a raça, o porte, o sexo e o estado sexual e ainda a idade e faixa etária dos animais. No decurso deste cuidado estudo, foi observada uma enorme diversidade de sinais clínicos. Estes foram estudados não só individualmente mas também em função do sistema orgânico e/ou funcional que revelaram alterado. Os meios de diagnóstico específicos para a análise da função da glândula tiróide fizeram também parte integrante da avaliação descritiva deste estudo, com o objectivo de se averiguar a utilidade de cada um na determinação do diagnóstico definitivo de hipotiroidismo. Em todos os casos clínicos estudados, foi instituída uma terapia com tiroxina exógena de nome comercial Letter® numa dose inicial de 20 μg/kg BID per os. A progressão da doença após a implementação da terapia e a taxa de mortalidade observada foram os últimos parâmetros avaliados por este estudo.
Hypothyroidism is the endocrine pathology most often diagnosed in canine specie. This clinical situation is the result of insufficient or null production of thyroid hormones, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). The thyroid, pituitary or hypothalamic location of the etiological amendments responsible for this hormone decrease defines hypothyroidism as primary, secondary or tertiary, respectively. This disease presents a wide range of clinical signs related to changes in many organic and/or functional systems of the organism. For this reason, the diagnosis may be not easy and should only be established definitively after the joint interpretation of the clinical and laboratory picture presented by each case. The treatment of this endocrine disorder, although it is a lifetime treatment, allows the survival and the quality of life of animals with hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism was the center of interest and object of this study. During the last 2 years in the Veterinary Clinic of Santa Rita, were diagnosed and properly followed, 11 clinical cases of dogs with clinical signs and laboratory findings consistent with hypothyroidism. Various parameters associated with this pathology were assessed on these patients. Factors suspected or confirmed as predictors of this disease were the first parameters to be evaluated, include the size, race, gender and sexual status and even age and age group of animals. In the course of this careful study, a wide variety of clinical symptoms were observed. These have been studied not only individually but also in terms of organic and/or functional changes revealed. The diagnostic tools specific to the analysis of thyroid gland function also made part of the descriptive evaluation of this study, in order to assess the usefulness of each in determining the definitive diagnosis of hypothyroidism. In all clinical cases studied, was established therapy with exogenous thyroxine, Letter®, in a starting dose of 20 μg/kg per os every 12 hours. The progression of the disease after the implementation of therapy and the mortality rate observed were the last parameters evaluated in this study.
Hypothyroidism is the endocrine pathology most often diagnosed in canine specie. This clinical situation is the result of insufficient or null production of thyroid hormones, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). The thyroid, pituitary or hypothalamic location of the etiological amendments responsible for this hormone decrease defines hypothyroidism as primary, secondary or tertiary, respectively. This disease presents a wide range of clinical signs related to changes in many organic and/or functional systems of the organism. For this reason, the diagnosis may be not easy and should only be established definitively after the joint interpretation of the clinical and laboratory picture presented by each case. The treatment of this endocrine disorder, although it is a lifetime treatment, allows the survival and the quality of life of animals with hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism was the center of interest and object of this study. During the last 2 years in the Veterinary Clinic of Santa Rita, were diagnosed and properly followed, 11 clinical cases of dogs with clinical signs and laboratory findings consistent with hypothyroidism. Various parameters associated with this pathology were assessed on these patients. Factors suspected or confirmed as predictors of this disease were the first parameters to be evaluated, include the size, race, gender and sexual status and even age and age group of animals. In the course of this careful study, a wide variety of clinical symptoms were observed. These have been studied not only individually but also in terms of organic and/or functional changes revealed. The diagnostic tools specific to the analysis of thyroid gland function also made part of the descriptive evaluation of this study, in order to assess the usefulness of each in determining the definitive diagnosis of hypothyroidism. In all clinical cases studied, was established therapy with exogenous thyroxine, Letter®, in a starting dose of 20 μg/kg per os every 12 hours. The progression of the disease after the implementation of therapy and the mortality rate observed were the last parameters evaluated in this study.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Medicina Veterinária
Palavras-chave
Hipotiroidismo , Patologia endócrina , Espécie canina , Hormonas tiroideas