Papel da vinculação aos pais e efeito dos conflitos interparentais, coligação e triangulação na psicopatologia em jovens de famílias intactas e divorciadas
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2013
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A qualidade das relações entre pais e filhos é um fator preponderante para a adaptação
e desenvolvimento saudável dos jovens, tornando-se um fator protetor perante situações de
risco. Deste modo, os pais podem edificar-se como bases seguras que constituem fatores de
proteção para os jovens. No desenrolar da vida do adolescente e jovem adulto muitos são os
acontecimentos de vida que mostram uma estreita relação entre o divórcio, o conflito
interparental e a vinculação aos pais.
O objetivo primordial deste estudo foi analisar em que medida a vinculação aos pais, a
perceção de conflitos parentais e a coligação e triangulação podem predizer o
desenvolvimento de psicopatologia em jovens provenientes de famílias intactas e divorciadas.
A amostra é composta por 827 adolescentes e jovens adultos com idades
compreendidas entre os 13 e os 25 anos. Utilizou-se como instrumentos de avaliação um
questionário sociodemográfico, o Questionário de Vinculação ao Pai e à Mãe, o Brief Symptom
Inventory, a Children’s Perception of Interparental Conflict Scale e a Loyalty conflict Scale.
Os resultados do presente estudo foram discutidos à luz da teoria de vinculação, com o
intuito de perceber em que medida a vinculação parental apresenta variância face à
configuração familiar tendo em consideração variáveis como o conflito interparental, a
triangulação e a coligação. Desta feita verificou-se que os conflitos interparentais são
maioritariamente percecionados pelos jovens que coabitam lares com uma configuração
familiar divorciada. São estes jovens que apresentam maior vulnerabilidade para o
desenvolvimento de sintomatologia psicopatológica. Também verificamos que os jovens de
famílias divorciadas tendem a percecionar mais frequentemente processos de coligação e
triangulação. Neste sentido, verificamos que a qualidade do laço emocional aos pais é predita
negativamente pela coligação e triangulação, no entanto observou-se que no caso especifico
da qualidade do laço emocional ao pai, esta é predita positivamente pela triangulação.
Verificou-se também que os conflitos interparentais predizem positivamente o desenvolvimento
de sintomatologia psicopatológica. Constatou-se que a qualidade da vinculação ao pai exerce
um papel moderador entre os conflitos interparentais e a vulnerabilidade para o
desenvolvimento de psicopatologia.
Torna-se relevante dar importância à forma como os conflitos, entre pais e entre pais e
filhos (como a coligação e a triangulação) constituem um fator potencialmente fomentador do
desenvolvimento de processos psicopatológicos nos jovens.
The quality of relationships between parents and children is a major factor for adaptation and healthy development of young people, becoming a protective factor against risky situations. So parents can build up as secure bases that constitute protective factors for youth. In the course of the teenage life and young adult there are many life events that show a close relationship between divorce, interparental conflict and attachment to parents. The main objective of this study is to analyse the extent to which attachment to parents, the perception of parental conflict and coalition and triangulation can predict the development of psychopathology in young people from divorced and intact families. The sample consists of 827 adolescents and young adults aged 13 to 25 years. Used as assessment instruments a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Questionnaire Attachment the Father and Mother, the Brief Symptom Inventory, the Children’s Perception of Interparental Conflict Scale and the Loyalty conflict Scale. The results of this study were discussed in the light of attachment theory, in order to realize the extent to which parental attachment variance has to face family configuration taking into account variables such as interparental conflict, triangulation and coalition. It was found that interparental conflicts are mostly perceived by young cohabiting households with a familiar setting - divorced. These are young people who are more vulnerable to the development of psychopathological symptoms. We also found that young people from divorced families tend to perceive more often coalition and triangulation processes. In this sense, we find that the quality of the emotional tie to parents is negatively predicted by the coalition and triangulation, however it was noted that in the specific case of the quality of emotional attachment to the father, this is positively predicted by triangulation. It was also found that interparental conflicts positively predict the development of psychopathological symptoms. It was found that the quality of attachment to the father plays a moderating role between interparental conflicts and vulnerability for the development of psychopathology. It is important to give importance to how conflicts between parents and between parents and children (such as triangulation and coalition) are a factor potentially developers developing psychopathological processes in young people.
The quality of relationships between parents and children is a major factor for adaptation and healthy development of young people, becoming a protective factor against risky situations. So parents can build up as secure bases that constitute protective factors for youth. In the course of the teenage life and young adult there are many life events that show a close relationship between divorce, interparental conflict and attachment to parents. The main objective of this study is to analyse the extent to which attachment to parents, the perception of parental conflict and coalition and triangulation can predict the development of psychopathology in young people from divorced and intact families. The sample consists of 827 adolescents and young adults aged 13 to 25 years. Used as assessment instruments a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Questionnaire Attachment the Father and Mother, the Brief Symptom Inventory, the Children’s Perception of Interparental Conflict Scale and the Loyalty conflict Scale. The results of this study were discussed in the light of attachment theory, in order to realize the extent to which parental attachment variance has to face family configuration taking into account variables such as interparental conflict, triangulation and coalition. It was found that interparental conflicts are mostly perceived by young cohabiting households with a familiar setting - divorced. These are young people who are more vulnerable to the development of psychopathological symptoms. We also found that young people from divorced families tend to perceive more often coalition and triangulation processes. In this sense, we find that the quality of the emotional tie to parents is negatively predicted by the coalition and triangulation, however it was noted that in the specific case of the quality of emotional attachment to the father, this is positively predicted by triangulation. It was also found that interparental conflicts positively predict the development of psychopathological symptoms. It was found that the quality of attachment to the father plays a moderating role between interparental conflicts and vulnerability for the development of psychopathology. It is important to give importance to how conflicts between parents and between parents and children (such as triangulation and coalition) are a factor potentially developers developing psychopathological processes in young people.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Psicologia Clínica
Palavras-chave
Comportamento de vinculação , Jovens , Psicopatologia