Respuestas fisiológicas y vitícolas de las variedades Moscatel Gallego Blanco y Boal en la Región Demarcada del Duero
Ficheiros
Data
2011
Autores
Título da revista
ISSN da revista
Título do Volume
Editora
Resumo
O estudo foi realizado durante os anos de 2010 e 2011, na Região Demarcada do Douro,
numa vinha da "Quinta do Casal da Granja", localizada na Granja (próximo de Favaios,
Alijó). Este trabalho foi dividido em duas partes (de acordo com os anos):
Durante o período de 2010, estabeleceu-se três regimes de rega para a Vitis vinifera cv.
Moscatel Galego-Branco: sem rega (Secano), stresse hídrico moderado (StressM) e o
stresse hídrico ligeiro (StressL), tendo por base o potencial hídrico foliar de base. O
objetivo foi estudar como regimes diferenciados de disponibilidade hídrica afetam as
respostas fisiológicas e o crescimento e desenvolvimento da casta, através da
monitorização do volume de água no solo, potencial hídrico foliar, fluxo de seiva (nos
períodos de floração e maturação) e variáveis que caracterizam a produção, a área foliar e
o peso de madeira de poda.
Os tratamentos de água resultaram em diferenças significativas na disponibilidade de água no solo, potencial hídrico de base e transpiração da planta. As videiras não regadas apresentaram menores áreas foliares e pesos de madeira de poda, comparativamente às
regadas. Por outro lado, não existiram diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os
tratamentos com rega. O estudo sugere que um défice hídrico moderado pode ser uma
estratégia útil para obter um equilíbrio entre uso de água e desenvolvimento da planta na Região.
Durante 2011, foram estudadas as castas de Vitis vinifera cv. Boal e Moscatel Galego-
Branco, através da monitorização do volume de água no solo, do potencial hídrico foliar,
do índice de área foliar, da produção, do número de cachos, do peso do cacho e das trocas
gasosas produzidas ao nível das folhas, para avaliação comparativa em termos de
eficiência de gestão da água e de adaptação ao meio ambiente. A casta Moscatel Galego
apresentou maior produtividade fotossintética e maior eficiência na gestão da água,
limitando a sua perda no período estival, como foi evidenciado pelos maiores valores de
potencial hídrico foliar mínimo. Estes resultados podem demostrar que a casta Moscatel Galego estará melhor adaptada al clima estival na Região do Douro.
The work was done during the years 2010 and 2011, on a commercial vineyard ("Quinta do Casal da Granja") located at Granja (close to Favaios, Alijó), Douro Demarcated Region,. It consists of two distinct parts (corresponding to the two years): During 2010, three water availability regimes were defined using Vitis vinifera cv. “Moscatel Gallego Blanco” (syn. “Muscat à Petits Grains”): rainfed (Secano), mild water stress (StressM) and weak water stress (StressL) using predawn leaf water potential as reference. The objective was to study how different water regimes affect the physiological responses, growth and plant development, by monitoring soil moisture, leaf water potential, sap flow (at flowering and maturity) and parameters characterizing leaf area and pruning weight. The water treatments resulted in significant differences in soil water availability, predawn leaf water potential and transpiration amounts. Non-irrigated vines showed significantly lower leaf area and pruning weights. However, no differences between irrigated treatments were found. The study suggests that a mild water deficit could be a useful strategy to obtain an increased balance between water use and plant development in the region. During 2011, Vitis vinifera cv. “Boal” (syn. Semillon) and “Moscatel Gallego Blanco” were compared, by monitoring soil moisture, leaf water potential, gas exchanges at leaf level, leaf area, yield, number of clusters and berry weight. With those measurements was intended to define which of the two varieties were more efficient in terms of water management and better locally adapted. The results showed that “Moscatel Gallego” was more efficient on water management, and better limited water loss during the summer, in the Douro Region, as evidenced by higher values of minimum leaf water potential, when compared with “Boal”. The “Moscatel Gallego” variety showed higher photosynthetic productivity and greater efficiency in water management, limiting its loss during the summer, as evidenced by higher values of minimum leaf water potential, when compared with “Boal”. These results may show that the variety “Moscatel Gallego” is better adapted to the Douro summer climate.
The work was done during the years 2010 and 2011, on a commercial vineyard ("Quinta do Casal da Granja") located at Granja (close to Favaios, Alijó), Douro Demarcated Region,. It consists of two distinct parts (corresponding to the two years): During 2010, three water availability regimes were defined using Vitis vinifera cv. “Moscatel Gallego Blanco” (syn. “Muscat à Petits Grains”): rainfed (Secano), mild water stress (StressM) and weak water stress (StressL) using predawn leaf water potential as reference. The objective was to study how different water regimes affect the physiological responses, growth and plant development, by monitoring soil moisture, leaf water potential, sap flow (at flowering and maturity) and parameters characterizing leaf area and pruning weight. The water treatments resulted in significant differences in soil water availability, predawn leaf water potential and transpiration amounts. Non-irrigated vines showed significantly lower leaf area and pruning weights. However, no differences between irrigated treatments were found. The study suggests that a mild water deficit could be a useful strategy to obtain an increased balance between water use and plant development in the region. During 2011, Vitis vinifera cv. “Boal” (syn. Semillon) and “Moscatel Gallego Blanco” were compared, by monitoring soil moisture, leaf water potential, gas exchanges at leaf level, leaf area, yield, number of clusters and berry weight. With those measurements was intended to define which of the two varieties were more efficient in terms of water management and better locally adapted. The results showed that “Moscatel Gallego” was more efficient on water management, and better limited water loss during the summer, in the Douro Region, as evidenced by higher values of minimum leaf water potential, when compared with “Boal”. The “Moscatel Gallego” variety showed higher photosynthetic productivity and greater efficiency in water management, limiting its loss during the summer, as evidenced by higher values of minimum leaf water potential, when compared with “Boal”. These results may show that the variety “Moscatel Gallego” is better adapted to the Douro summer climate.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Engenharia Agronómica
Palavras-chave
Fisiologia vegetal , Vitis vinifera , Região Demarcada do Douro