Bem-estar subjetivo e raiva/ira ao longo da idade adulta
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2015
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A presente investigação teve como objetivo verificar se existem diferenças nos níveis de bem-estar subjetivo e raiva/ira entre os indivíduos adultos. A amostra contou com 305 participantes inseridos em diferentes contextos da região norte de Portugal, com idades compreendidas entre os 20 e os 92 anos. Para avaliar o bem-estar subjetivo foram utilizadas as versões portuguesas das escalas SWLS (Satisfaction With Life Scale), adaptada por Simões (1992) e PANAS (Positive and Negative Afect Schedule), traduzida e adaptada por Galinha, Pais e Ribeiro (2005). A raiva/ira foi avaliada através do STAXI (State Trait Anger Expression Inventory), uma versão traduzida e adaptada para a população brasileira por Spielberger e Biaggio (1992). Os resultados evidenciaram que existem diferenças significativas entre os grupos, uma vez que os indivíduos de idade mais avançada que apresentaram os maiores níveis de raiva/ira e os jovens adultos e adultos de meia-idade que se destacaram nos níveis de bem-estar subjetivo. As conclusões também apontaram que os maiores níveis de bem-estar subjetivo foram encontrados nos indivíduos do género masculino, com o estado civil “viúvo” e que residem sozinhos. Quanto aos maiores níveis de raiva/ira, observou-se uma tendência para estes se acentuarem mais nos indivíduos do género feminino, que residem maioritariamente sozinhos, nível socioeconómico médio e que têm filhos. Torna-se assim pertinente um maior investimento nesta área, no sentido de melhor compreender o direcionamento da associação entre as variáveis e o que pode estar subjacente a novos dados que foram observados na presente investigação.
This research aimed to examine whether there are differences in levels of subjective well-being and anger among adults. The sample consisted in 305 participants entered in different contexts in the northern region of Portugal, aged between 20 and 92 years. To assess subjective well-being Portuguese versions of the scales SWLS (Satisfaction With Life Scale), adapted by Simões (1992) and PANAS (Positive and Negative Afect Schedule), translated and adapted by Galinha, Pais and Ribeiro (2005). Anger was assessed by the STAXI (State Trait Anger Expression Inventory), a version translated and adapted for the Brazilian population by Spielberger and Biaggio (1992). The results showed that there are significant differences between the groups, because older age individuals had higher levels of anger and young adults and middle-aged adults had excelled in levels of subjective well-being. The findings also showed that higher levels of subjective well-being were found in individuals of male gender, with "widowed" marital status and living alone. As for the higher levels of anger, there is a tendency for these individuals to be more accentuate the female gender, who live mostly alone, with medium socio-economic level and who have children. It thus becomes pertinent for greater investment in this area in order to better understand the direction of the association between variables and what may be underlying the new data that was observed in this study could reflect.
This research aimed to examine whether there are differences in levels of subjective well-being and anger among adults. The sample consisted in 305 participants entered in different contexts in the northern region of Portugal, aged between 20 and 92 years. To assess subjective well-being Portuguese versions of the scales SWLS (Satisfaction With Life Scale), adapted by Simões (1992) and PANAS (Positive and Negative Afect Schedule), translated and adapted by Galinha, Pais and Ribeiro (2005). Anger was assessed by the STAXI (State Trait Anger Expression Inventory), a version translated and adapted for the Brazilian population by Spielberger and Biaggio (1992). The results showed that there are significant differences between the groups, because older age individuals had higher levels of anger and young adults and middle-aged adults had excelled in levels of subjective well-being. The findings also showed that higher levels of subjective well-being were found in individuals of male gender, with "widowed" marital status and living alone. As for the higher levels of anger, there is a tendency for these individuals to be more accentuate the female gender, who live mostly alone, with medium socio-economic level and who have children. It thus becomes pertinent for greater investment in this area in order to better understand the direction of the association between variables and what may be underlying the new data that was observed in this study could reflect.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Psicologia Clínica
Palavras-chave
Psicologia clínica , Satisfação com a vida , Afetos positivos , Afetos negativos , Raiva , Ira