As características sócio-profissionais e a motivação no trabalho como determinantes da orientação empreendedora: um estudo aplicado a uma organização hospitalar
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2009
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O estudo da motivação em contexto organizacional tem, desde há vários anos, suscitado acrescido interesse entre investigadores, na perspectiva de compreenderem o comportamento e as atitudes dos indivíduos e o seu impacto em determinar resultados organizacionais. A literatura neste domínio tem reconhecido que a existência de motivação em contexto laboral, representa uma mais-valia e tem sido associada a importantes resultados organizacionais, tais como aumento da eficácia, elevado desempenho, produtividade, menor absentismo e envolvimento nos objectivos organizacionais. Comparativamente à motivação, os estudos sobre empreendedorismo são mais recentes, tendo nas últimas décadas havido um crescente e significativo interesse de investigação nesta área. A literatura neste domínio considera o empreendedorismo fundamental para o desenvolvimento da economia de um país. O empreendedorismo tem sido apontado como vector capaz de proporcionar a modificação nas condições correntes no mercado através da introdução de algo novo e diferente, em resposta às necessidades percebidas. A orientação empreendedora surge da aplicação do empreendedorismo em contexto organizacional. Refere-se aos processos, práticas e estilos de tomada de decisão usados pelos gestores, onde características como tomada de risco, proactividade e inovação estão presentes no desempenho empresarial de sucesso. O objectivo desta investigação relaciona-se com a identificação da orientação empreendedora adoptada pelos novos modelos de gestão hospitalar, através da percepção dos colaboradores e através desta ficar a conhecer qual o nível empreendedor da organização em estudo. O trabalho empírico centra-se na percepção dos colaboradores relativamente à orientação empreendedora, analisando a relação entre os níveis de motivação e as características sócio-profissionais. O estudo foi aplicado a todos os colaboradores de uma organização hospitalar no Norte do país, tendo recebido 569 questionários válidos. Dos resultados obtidos, conclui-se que os indivíduos mais motivados são os que têm maior percepção da orientação empreendedora. Contudo, a percepção de uma orientação empreendedora por parte dos colaboradores é insuficiente para se poder classificar a organização em estudo como uma organização empreendedora.
Since several years ago, the study of motivation within a organizational context has raised increasing interest within the analysts community, as it leads to understand the behaviour and reactions of individuals and their impact into the final organizational outcome. The literature in this area has acknowledged that the motivation by the labour circle constitutes an added-value and has been associated to the relevant organizational results such as efficiency increase, good performance, productivity, lower absentism and participation in the global goals. As far as motivation is concerned, the studies on entrepreneurship are more recent and in the last decades revealed an increasing and meaningful research interest in this area. The literature in this domain departs from the point that entrepreneurship is basic for the economic development of a country. Entrepreneurship has been identified as the axis angle, able to modify the current market conditions by means of introducing something new and different via a vis the identified demands. The initiative orientation comes from the entrepreneurship within an organizational context. It is connected with the procedures, practices and styles of decision-making by managers, taking into consideration such components as risk taking, proactivitiy and innovativeness as dimensions of a successful entrepeneurship performance. The purpose of this research relates to the identification of the entrepreneurial orientation adopted by the new patters of hospital management through the perception of the labour force as such perception enables to understand the entrepreneurial level of the entity under analysis. The empiric framework is centered into the reaction of the labour force to the entrepreneurial orientation, reviewing the relationship between the motivation levels and the relevant social-professional characteristics. The study was applied to all workers of a hospital unit located in the North the country, based on a total of 569 received questionnaires. From the reached results, it may be concluded that the most motivated individuals are those with a better perception of the entrepreneurial orientation. However the perception of an entrepreneurial orientation from the labour force is insufficient to conclude this organization as a entrepreneurial one.
Since several years ago, the study of motivation within a organizational context has raised increasing interest within the analysts community, as it leads to understand the behaviour and reactions of individuals and their impact into the final organizational outcome. The literature in this area has acknowledged that the motivation by the labour circle constitutes an added-value and has been associated to the relevant organizational results such as efficiency increase, good performance, productivity, lower absentism and participation in the global goals. As far as motivation is concerned, the studies on entrepreneurship are more recent and in the last decades revealed an increasing and meaningful research interest in this area. The literature in this domain departs from the point that entrepreneurship is basic for the economic development of a country. Entrepreneurship has been identified as the axis angle, able to modify the current market conditions by means of introducing something new and different via a vis the identified demands. The initiative orientation comes from the entrepreneurship within an organizational context. It is connected with the procedures, practices and styles of decision-making by managers, taking into consideration such components as risk taking, proactivitiy and innovativeness as dimensions of a successful entrepeneurship performance. The purpose of this research relates to the identification of the entrepreneurial orientation adopted by the new patters of hospital management through the perception of the labour force as such perception enables to understand the entrepreneurial level of the entity under analysis. The empiric framework is centered into the reaction of the labour force to the entrepreneurial orientation, reviewing the relationship between the motivation levels and the relevant social-professional characteristics. The study was applied to all workers of a hospital unit located in the North the country, based on a total of 569 received questionnaires. From the reached results, it may be concluded that the most motivated individuals are those with a better perception of the entrepreneurial orientation. However the perception of an entrepreneurial orientation from the labour force is insufficient to conclude this organization as a entrepreneurial one.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Gestão dos Serviços de Saúde
Palavras-chave
Organização do trabalho , Motivação , Empreendedorismo , Serviços de saúde