A obesidade, a escola e a educação física: representações de alunos, pais e encarregados de educação e professores de Educação Física do concelho de Viseu
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2015-12-02
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A obesidade, encarada pela Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) como a “epidemia do século”, tem implicações negativas na vida do ser humano. Nesta perspetiva, este estudo pretende conhecer as representações de alunos com excesso de peso, pais e encarregados de educação, e professores de Educação Física acerca da obesidade em alunos do 2º e 3º Ciclos do Ensino Básico de escolas da cidade de Viseu.
A natureza descritiva e exploratória do estudo justifica a opção pelo método qualitativo, utilizando-se a entrevista como instrumento de recolha de informação e recorrendo-se à técnica de análise de conteúdo para a análise de dados.
Os principais resultados deste estudo revelam que os alunos consideram que têm excesso de peso e que esse facto, por vezes, os deixa desconfortáveis. Apontam a alimentação incorreta e o sedentarismo como causas deste problema. Assumem que os seus hábitos alimentares não são adequados e admitem que prática de exercício físico não faz parte dos seus hábitos. Atividades como jogar computador, ler ou ver televisão estão no topo das suas preferências. As aulas de Educação Física não são as suas preferidas e a sua participação no Desporto Escolar e em atividades desportivas extraescolares é nula. Como medida de prevenção para este flagelo, gostariam que fosse promovida uma maior sensibilização para uma alimentação saudável e para a prática desportiva regular por parte dos pais, amigos e colegas.
No que diz respeito aos pais e encarregados de educação, consideram que os seus filhos sofrem de excesso de peso e que isso lhes provoca sentimentos de tristeza e inferioridade. Indicam a má alimentação e a ausência de prática de atividade física como as maiores razões para o excesso de peso deles. Afiançam que por falta de tempo, por razões profissionais, a sua alimentação e a dos filhos não é a mais correta. Concordam que a Escola, família, amigos, colegas e o médico de família são de extrema importância no combate e prevenção da obesidade. Quanto aos docentes, referem que os alunos com excesso de peso se sentem inferiorizados, devido à sua incapacidade para realizarem algumas tarefas. As razões para tal excesso de peso são a má alimentação e a falta de exercício físico. Consideram que a Escola e a Educação Física são determinantes no combate à obesidade e como medidas preventivas apontam a promoção da atividade física e dos bons hábitos alimentares. Afirmam que nas escolas onde lecionam existem, ou já existiram, projetos preventivos para o combate do excesso de peso dos alunos.
Obesity is faced by the World Health Organization (WHO) as "the epidemic of the century“, its implications in human life are negative. In this perspective, this study aims to know the representations of students that are overweight, parents and guardians, and physical education teachers about obesity in students from 2nd and 3rd grade of Basic Education in the city of Viseu. The descriptive and exploratory nature of the study justifies the choice of qualitative method, using interviews, the data collection tool and resorting to the technique of content analysis for data analysis. The main results of this study shows that students feel they are overweight and that this fact sometimes makes them uncomfortable. They blame poor diet and physical inactivity as the causes for this problem. They agree that their eating habits are not suitable and admit that physical exercise is not part of their normal habits. Activities like playing computer games, reading or watching television are on top of their preferences. The physical education classes are not their favorite and their participation in school sports and extracurricular sports activities is almost inexistent. As a preventive measure for this scourge, they would like to see promoted more awareness of healthy eating and regular exercise by their parents, friends and colleagues. In regard to parents and guardians, they consider that their children suffer from being overweight and this provokes in them feelings of sadness and inferiority. They point out poor dieting and lack of physical activity as the major reasons for the excess weight. Because off lack of time, due to professional reasons, theirs and their children's food and are not the most appropriate. They agree that school, family, friends, colleagues and doctors are extremely important in combating and preventing obesity. As for teachers, they claim that students being overweight feel inferior because of their inability to perform some tasks. The reasons for this overweight are poor dieting and lack of exercise. They consider that the school and physical education class are the key to fighting obesity and as for preventive measures they aim at promoting physical activity and good eating habits. They claim that in the schools they teach exist or have existed, preventive projects to combat overweight students.
Obesity is faced by the World Health Organization (WHO) as "the epidemic of the century“, its implications in human life are negative. In this perspective, this study aims to know the representations of students that are overweight, parents and guardians, and physical education teachers about obesity in students from 2nd and 3rd grade of Basic Education in the city of Viseu. The descriptive and exploratory nature of the study justifies the choice of qualitative method, using interviews, the data collection tool and resorting to the technique of content analysis for data analysis. The main results of this study shows that students feel they are overweight and that this fact sometimes makes them uncomfortable. They blame poor diet and physical inactivity as the causes for this problem. They agree that their eating habits are not suitable and admit that physical exercise is not part of their normal habits. Activities like playing computer games, reading or watching television are on top of their preferences. The physical education classes are not their favorite and their participation in school sports and extracurricular sports activities is almost inexistent. As a preventive measure for this scourge, they would like to see promoted more awareness of healthy eating and regular exercise by their parents, friends and colleagues. In regard to parents and guardians, they consider that their children suffer from being overweight and this provokes in them feelings of sadness and inferiority. They point out poor dieting and lack of physical activity as the major reasons for the excess weight. Because off lack of time, due to professional reasons, theirs and their children's food and are not the most appropriate. They agree that school, family, friends, colleagues and doctors are extremely important in combating and preventing obesity. As for teachers, they claim that students being overweight feel inferior because of their inability to perform some tasks. The reasons for this overweight are poor dieting and lack of exercise. They consider that the school and physical education class are the key to fighting obesity and as for preventive measures they aim at promoting physical activity and good eating habits. They claim that in the schools they teach exist or have existed, preventive projects to combat overweight students.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Ensino da Educação Física, nos Ensinos Básico e Secundário
Palavras-chave
Educação física , Obesidade , Jovens , Representações