Obesidade e imagem corporal dos alunos dos segundo e terceiro ciclos do ensino básico de Lousada Oeste
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2016-02-04
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O súbito aumento de casos de excesso de peso e obesidade nas populações mais jovens e a sua ligação a diversos tipos de patologias, nomeadamente as relacionadas com a insatisfação com a imagem corporal, motivou a execução deste estudo, assumindo como principal objetivo, verificar a associação da imagem corporal real e da insatisfação com a imagem corporal com diversas variáveis. A amostra deste estudo é constituída por 581 alunos dos 2º e 3º ciclos de escolaridade da Escola Básica de Lousada Oeste, com idades compreendidas entre 9,9 e os 17,5 anos (M=12,48 e DP=1,61). Para a recolha de dados foi utilizado um questionário baseado no Health Behaviour in School aged Children (HBSC). Para o cálculo do IMC foram recolhidos o peso e a altura e utilizados os valores de corte de Cole et al (2000) para definir a prevalência de obesidade. Na avaliação da insatisfação com a imagem corporal foi utilizada a escala de silhuetas de Collins (1991). No tratamento estatístico foram utilizados o desvio-padrão, a média e as respetivas frequências e percentagens para a análise descritiva, o teste Qui-Quadrado nas análises comparativas e a regressão linear múltipla na análise multivariada. Relativamente aos resultados obtidos, os índices de prevalência de excesso de peso e obesidade são elevados (32,7%), sendo superiores nos rapazes (34,5%) relativamente às raparigas (30,7%). Os índices de insatisfação com a imagem corporal são elevados (63,7%), sendo que na análise comparativa, existem diferenças estatisticamente significativas segundo o género (p=0,002) e a prevalência de obesidade (p=0,000). Na regressão linear múltipla foram associadas de forma negativa e significativa à imagem corporal real, a idade (p=0,000) e a prática de atividades desportivas (p=0,010) e de forma positiva o IMC (p=0,000). Relativamente à insatisfação com a imagem corporal, associaram-se de forma significativa e positiva o IMC (p=0,000) e negativa a idade (p=0,000).
Desta forma e tendo em conta os resultados obtidos, constata-se que o aumento da idade e a diminuição do IMC são fatores que contribuem para a diminuição dos índices de insatisfação com a imagem corporal.
The surge in cases of overweight and obesity in younger populations and their connection to various types of diseases, particularly those related to dissatisfaction with body image, motivated the execution of this study, taking as its main objective, to examine the association of real body image and dissatisfaction with body image with many variables. The sample consists of 581 students of the 2nd and 3rd cycles of basic education School Lousada West, aged between 9.9 and 17.5 years ( M = 12.48 , SD = 1.61 ) . To collect data, a questionnaire based on the Health Behaviour in School aged Children (HBSC) was used. To calculate BMI were collected weight and height and used cutoff values of Cole et al (2000) to define the prevalence of obesity. In the evaluation of dissatisfaction with body image scale silhouettes of Collins (1991) was used. In the statistical analysis the standard deviation, the mean and the respective frequencies and percentages for descriptive analysis, Chi- square test on comparative analysis and multiple linear regression were used in the multivariate analysis . With regard to results, the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity are high (32.7%), being higher in boys (34.5 %) than girls (30.7 %). The rates of dissatisfaction with body image are high (63.7 %), and the comparative analysis, there were statistically significant differences according to gender (p = 0.002) and the prevalence of obesity (p = 0.000) . In multiple linear regression were associated negatively and significantly with real body image, age (p = 0.000) and the practice of sports activities (p = 0.010) and positively BMI (p = 0.000). Regarding dissatisfaction with body image were associated significantly and positively BMI (p=0.000) and negatively age (p=0.000). Thus, taking into account the results obtained, it is observed that the with increasing age and BMI reduction are factos that contribute to decreased rates of dissatisfaction with body image.
The surge in cases of overweight and obesity in younger populations and their connection to various types of diseases, particularly those related to dissatisfaction with body image, motivated the execution of this study, taking as its main objective, to examine the association of real body image and dissatisfaction with body image with many variables. The sample consists of 581 students of the 2nd and 3rd cycles of basic education School Lousada West, aged between 9.9 and 17.5 years ( M = 12.48 , SD = 1.61 ) . To collect data, a questionnaire based on the Health Behaviour in School aged Children (HBSC) was used. To calculate BMI were collected weight and height and used cutoff values of Cole et al (2000) to define the prevalence of obesity. In the evaluation of dissatisfaction with body image scale silhouettes of Collins (1991) was used. In the statistical analysis the standard deviation, the mean and the respective frequencies and percentages for descriptive analysis, Chi- square test on comparative analysis and multiple linear regression were used in the multivariate analysis . With regard to results, the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity are high (32.7%), being higher in boys (34.5 %) than girls (30.7 %). The rates of dissatisfaction with body image are high (63.7 %), and the comparative analysis, there were statistically significant differences according to gender (p = 0.002) and the prevalence of obesity (p = 0.000) . In multiple linear regression were associated negatively and significantly with real body image, age (p = 0.000) and the practice of sports activities (p = 0.010) and positively BMI (p = 0.000). Regarding dissatisfaction with body image were associated significantly and positively BMI (p=0.000) and negatively age (p=0.000). Thus, taking into account the results obtained, it is observed that the with increasing age and BMI reduction are factos that contribute to decreased rates of dissatisfaction with body image.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Ensino de Educação Física nos Ensinos Básico e Secundário
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Atividade física , Obesidade , Imagem corporal , Ensino básico 3º ciclo