Efeito da inclusão de exercícios técnicos de baixa intensidade entre os pares de exercícios baseado no complex training em pré-púberes
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2016-04-29
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A variável do tempo de descanso entre pares de exercícios, baseados no Complex Training (CT), interfere, significativamente, na operacionalização desta metodologia em contexto Desportivo, nomeadamente nos Jogos Desportivos. O presente estudo, teve como objetivo, analisar o efeito de 4 formas de intervalo entre os pares de exercícios, Agachamento (AG) e os gestos técnicos (GT), que compõem o CT, na performance de salto com contra movimento (CMJ) e Sprint (S), em pré-púberes.
A amostra foi composta por vinte e quatro jogadores de futebol (JF) do sexo masculino, (n = 24; 11.54 ± 0.51 anos de idade. O CMJ e S (5e15m), Velocidade de reação (VR), tempo aos 5 (T5) e aos 15 metros, foi avaliado inicialmente, em todos os indivíduos. Posteriormente, foi analisado o efeito de 4 formas de conjugação do exercício de AG e o GT, CMJ e S (5e15m); diferindo nas formas de intervalo usadas: i) sem intervalo, (AGCMJ) e (AGS15); ii) com 4 minutos de descanso passivo, (AG4rCMJ); (AG4rS15), iii) 4 minutos de descanso ativo executar passes a baixa intensidade, (AG4pCMJ); (AG4pS15) e iv) 4 minutos de descanso ativo a executar cabeceamento sem salto, (AG4cCMJ); (AG4cS15).Todos os atletas efetuaram previamente duas semanas, com uma frequência semanal de três dias, de aprendizagem, adaptação e coordenação, ao AG, CMJ e S (5e15m).
Para efetuar a análise inferencial utilizou-se uma Anova para medidas repetidas (GLM), com post hoc de Bonferroni. Foi igualmente usado o t-teste para medidas emparelhadas para observar a existência, ou não, de diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre pares de situações usadas. O nível de significância foi mantido em 5%. Foram identificadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas, entre a execução do GT do CMJ (F=8.038; p=0.001; μp2=0.259) e de S (5 e 15m), na VR, (F=7.913; p=0.001; μp2=0.256) e T15, (F=6.659; p=0.001; μp2=0.225) e no Tempo aos 5m não foram observadas diferenças significativas, (F=3.646; p=0.45; μp2=0.137), entre a base e as 4 sequências estudadas.
Foi observado uma diminuição, significativa (p=0.001), na performance de salto, na VR e T15 com a utilização de (AGCMJ) e (AGS15), em relação a todas as outras formas utilizadas. Na VR o (AG4cS15), apresentou uma melhoria, significativa (p=0.001) em relação ao VR de base. Houve uma diminuição, significativa (p<0.05), da T5 na (AG4rS15m), na (AG4pS15) e na(AG4cS15), em relação à T5 de base. Foi observado uma melhoria, significativa (p<0.002), da performance do T15 na (AG4rS15), (AG4pS15) e (AG4cS15) e uma diminuição, significativa (p<0.05), na (AG4S15). No T15 a utilização da forma (AG4pS15) apresentou melhor performance do que (AG4cS15). Em conclusão, em pré-púberes, a utilização de tempos de descanso passivo e ativos melhoram a capacidade de salto e S15. A não utilização de tempo de descanso entre os pares de exercícios parece diminuir a performance de salto e sprint.
The variable rest time between sets of exercises, based on Complex Training (CT) interferes significantly in operationalization of this methodology in the context Sports, notably in Sports Games. The present study aimed to analyze the effect of four forms of interval between pairs of exercises , squats (AG) and technical moves (GT) , comprising the CT, the performance of countermovement jump (CMJ) and Sprint (S) in prepubertal. The sample was composed of twenty- four players soccer (JF) male (n = 24 ; 11:54 ± 00:51 years old . CMJ and The S (5e15m), reaction speed (VR), the time 5 (T5) and 15 meters was initially assessed in all subjects. Subsequently, we analyzed the effect of four forms of exercise combination of AG and GT CMJ and S ( 5e15m ); forms differing in the interval used: i) free interval (AGCMJ) and (AGS15), ii ) with four minutes of passive rest , (AG4rCMJ); (AG4rS15) iii ) 4 minutes of active rest passes run at low intensity ( AG4pCMJ ) ( AG4pS15 ) and iv ) 4 minutes of active rest running header without heels , ( AG4cCMJ ) ( AG4cS15 .) All athletes previously effected two weeks, once a week for three days of learning, adaptation and coordination, the AG, CMJ and S (5e15m.) To make the inferential analysis used an ANOVA for repeated measures (GLM) , with post hoc Bonferroni . It was also used t - test for paired measures to observe the existence or not of statistically significant differences between pairs of scenarios used. The significance level was set at 5 %. There were no statistically significant differences between the performance of the GT CMJ ( F = 8.038 ; p = 0.001 ; μp2= 0.259 ) and S ( 5 to 15m ) in VR ( F = 7.913 ; p = 0.001; μp2= 0.256 ) and T15 ( F = 6.659 ; p = 0.001 ; μp2=0.225 ) and time to 5m there were no significant differences ( F = 3.646 ; p = 0:45 ; μp2= 0.137 ) between the base and 4 sequences studied. It was observed a decrease (p = 0.001) in the jump performance in VR and T15 with the use of (AGCMJ) and (AGS15) compared to all other forms used. In the VR (AG4cS15) showed an improvement (p =0.001) compared to the base VR. There was a decrease (p <0, 05) of the T5 (AG4rS15) in (AG4pS15) and (AG4cS15) relative to the base T5. We observed an improvement (p < 0.002 ) in the performance of T15 ( AG4rS15 ); ( AG4pS15 ) and ( AG4cS15 ) and a decrease (p < 0.05), in ( AG4S15 ) . T15 in the use of the form (AG4pS15) showed better performance than (AG4cS15). In conclusion, in that pre - pubescent, the use of time of active and passive rest improve jumping ability and S15. No use of rest time between sets of exercise seems to reduce performance jump and sprint.
The variable rest time between sets of exercises, based on Complex Training (CT) interferes significantly in operationalization of this methodology in the context Sports, notably in Sports Games. The present study aimed to analyze the effect of four forms of interval between pairs of exercises , squats (AG) and technical moves (GT) , comprising the CT, the performance of countermovement jump (CMJ) and Sprint (S) in prepubertal. The sample was composed of twenty- four players soccer (JF) male (n = 24 ; 11:54 ± 00:51 years old . CMJ and The S (5e15m), reaction speed (VR), the time 5 (T5) and 15 meters was initially assessed in all subjects. Subsequently, we analyzed the effect of four forms of exercise combination of AG and GT CMJ and S ( 5e15m ); forms differing in the interval used: i) free interval (AGCMJ) and (AGS15), ii ) with four minutes of passive rest , (AG4rCMJ); (AG4rS15) iii ) 4 minutes of active rest passes run at low intensity ( AG4pCMJ ) ( AG4pS15 ) and iv ) 4 minutes of active rest running header without heels , ( AG4cCMJ ) ( AG4cS15 .) All athletes previously effected two weeks, once a week for three days of learning, adaptation and coordination, the AG, CMJ and S (5e15m.) To make the inferential analysis used an ANOVA for repeated measures (GLM) , with post hoc Bonferroni . It was also used t - test for paired measures to observe the existence or not of statistically significant differences between pairs of scenarios used. The significance level was set at 5 %. There were no statistically significant differences between the performance of the GT CMJ ( F = 8.038 ; p = 0.001 ; μp2= 0.259 ) and S ( 5 to 15m ) in VR ( F = 7.913 ; p = 0.001; μp2= 0.256 ) and T15 ( F = 6.659 ; p = 0.001 ; μp2=0.225 ) and time to 5m there were no significant differences ( F = 3.646 ; p = 0:45 ; μp2= 0.137 ) between the base and 4 sequences studied. It was observed a decrease (p = 0.001) in the jump performance in VR and T15 with the use of (AGCMJ) and (AGS15) compared to all other forms used. In the VR (AG4cS15) showed an improvement (p =0.001) compared to the base VR. There was a decrease (p <0, 05) of the T5 (AG4rS15) in (AG4pS15) and (AG4cS15) relative to the base T5. We observed an improvement (p < 0.002 ) in the performance of T15 ( AG4rS15 ); ( AG4pS15 ) and ( AG4cS15 ) and a decrease (p < 0.05), in ( AG4S15 ) . T15 in the use of the form (AG4pS15) showed better performance than (AG4cS15). In conclusion, in that pre - pubescent, the use of time of active and passive rest improve jumping ability and S15. No use of rest time between sets of exercise seems to reduce performance jump and sprint.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Ciências do Desporto, Especialização em Avaliação e Prescrição na Actividade Física
Palavras-chave
Saltos , Potencial pós-ativação , Pré-púberes