A criança e o espaço escolar: planeamento, criação de metodologias e aplicação do recreio na escola
Ficheiros
Data
2017-05-23
Autores
Título da revista
ISSN da revista
Título do Volume
Editora
Resumo
Os espaços de recreio escolares, enquanto promotores do elemento lúcido, são também locais potenciadores do desenvolvimento das capacidades das crianças durante o processo de crescimento.
A presente dissertação em Arquitetura Paisagista pretende estudar e observar essas necessidades nas faixas etárias entre os 6 e os 10 anos de idade, considerando não só os aspetos relacionados com o planeamento e o projeto do espaço de recreio, mas também a promoção da mudança de paradigmas relativamente à abordagem e projeto contemporâneo do espaço de recreio escolar. É cada vez mais reconhecido que o Arquiteto Paisagista não se pode limitar ao simples projeto do espaço, devendo advogar à criança o direito de participar ativamente nas questões que lhe dizem respeito, fazendo com que esta se sinta comprometida e envolvida no processo de criação de um espaço que é seu por direito.
Neste sentido, foram utilizadas duas escolas localizadas no concelho de Gondomar, como objetos de estudo, com o objetivo de perceber in situ o modo como as crianças dialogam com o recreio, levantando as suas necessidades e carências, considerando não só o ponto de vista dos utilizadores, mas também a visão técnica do arquiteto paisagista. A metodologia adoptada considerou uma abordagem multimétodo, caracterizada por possuir uma competente participativa e outra técnica, assentes no pré-requisito acordado no protocolo de estágio efetuado no Instituto a Criança na Cidade (ICC). Esta metodologia tornou-se essencial para a compreensão global dos problemas, quer pela perceção da importância da opinião da criança, através dos dados obtidos pelos questionários, desenhos e biomapas, quer pela aplicação de instrumentos de diagnóstico técnicos levantados através de fichas de caracterização do local.
A compreensão global dos elementos levantados reflete não só quais os equipamentos preferidos para serem instalados no recreio, mas também quais os tipos de pavimento, os tipos de jogos, e os tipos de espaços de recreio preferenciais para as crianças.
O trabalho desenvolvido permitiu observar não só a enorme necessidade de manutenção dos espaços de recreio, mas ainda a necessidade de diversidade de equipamentos e da existência de equipamentos que estimulem a aquisição de competências por parte da criança. O processo metodológico utilizado permitiu ainda a criação e apresentação do plano estratégico, testado para a escola EB-1 JI do Seixo, no sentido de responder às carências levantadas, propondo um recreio capaz de suprir as necessidades de desenvolvimento e de recreio das várias faixas etárias presentes.
The school playground spaces, while lucid element promoters, enhancers are also local development of capacities of children during the growth process . The present dissertation in Landscape Architecture aims to study and observe these needs in the age groups between 6 and 10 years of age, considering not only the aspects related to planning and design of recreational space, but also the promotion of change of paradigms with regard to approach and contemporary design of the school playground. It is increasingly recognized that the landscape architect cannot be limited to the simple design of the space, and advocate for the child the right to participate actively in matters that concern it, causing it to feel committed and involved in the process of creating a space that is your birth right. In this sense, we used two schools located in the municipality of Gondomar, as objects of study, with the objective of realizing in situ the way kids talk with recess, raising their requirements and needs, considering not only the point of view of the users, but also the technical view of the landscape architect. The methodology adopted was considered a multimethod approach, characterized by having a competent and participatory another technique, based on the prerequisite agreed in Protocol training course conducted at the Institute the child in the city (ICC). This methodology has become essential to the overall understanding of the issues, either by the lack of importance of the opinion of the child, through the data obtained by questionnaires, drawings and biomaps, either by application of technical diagnostic instruments raised through characterize the place cards. The overall understanding of the elements raised reflects not only what the preferred equipment to be installed in the playground, but also what type of pavement, the types of games, and the types of recreation preferred spaces for children. The work allowed to observe not only the enormous need for maintenance of recreational spaces, but the need for diversity of equipment and the existence of equipment that encourage the acquisition of skills on the part of the child. The methodological process used enabled the creation and presentation of the strategic plan, tested for the EB-1 JI School of Pebble, in order to respond to the needs raised by proposing a playground capable of supplying the needs of development and the different age groups present.
The school playground spaces, while lucid element promoters, enhancers are also local development of capacities of children during the growth process . The present dissertation in Landscape Architecture aims to study and observe these needs in the age groups between 6 and 10 years of age, considering not only the aspects related to planning and design of recreational space, but also the promotion of change of paradigms with regard to approach and contemporary design of the school playground. It is increasingly recognized that the landscape architect cannot be limited to the simple design of the space, and advocate for the child the right to participate actively in matters that concern it, causing it to feel committed and involved in the process of creating a space that is your birth right. In this sense, we used two schools located in the municipality of Gondomar, as objects of study, with the objective of realizing in situ the way kids talk with recess, raising their requirements and needs, considering not only the point of view of the users, but also the technical view of the landscape architect. The methodology adopted was considered a multimethod approach, characterized by having a competent and participatory another technique, based on the prerequisite agreed in Protocol training course conducted at the Institute the child in the city (ICC). This methodology has become essential to the overall understanding of the issues, either by the lack of importance of the opinion of the child, through the data obtained by questionnaires, drawings and biomaps, either by application of technical diagnostic instruments raised through characterize the place cards. The overall understanding of the elements raised reflects not only what the preferred equipment to be installed in the playground, but also what type of pavement, the types of games, and the types of recreation preferred spaces for children. The work allowed to observe not only the enormous need for maintenance of recreational spaces, but the need for diversity of equipment and the existence of equipment that encourage the acquisition of skills on the part of the child. The methodological process used enabled the creation and presentation of the strategic plan, tested for the EB-1 JI School of Pebble, in order to respond to the needs raised by proposing a playground capable of supplying the needs of development and the different age groups present.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Arquitetura Paisagista
Palavras-chave
Recreio , Crianças , Planeamento , Projetos , Espaço escolar