Tumores oculares e perioculares em gatos
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2016
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O globo ocular e os seus anexos estão suscetíveis ao desenvolvimento de neoplasias primárias e secundárias, cujo aspeto clínico varia de acordo com o tecido ocular afetado . Na abordagem destas neoplasias há que salientar a importância de um correto exame físico e de um exame oftalmológico detalhado. Poderão ser também necessários exames complementares, sendo de extrema importância um diagnóstico o mais preciso possível, para que se possa estabelecer um plano de tratamento adequado a cada animal e, sempre que possível, se possa estabelecer um prognóstico perante o tutor.
Os tumores oculares e perioculares constituem uma ameaça à capacidade visual do animal (podendo conduzir a uma enucleação), à sua qualidade de vida, aparência e sobrevivência. Alguns dos tumores mais frequentes no gato incluem o carcinoma de células escamosas, o melanoma, o linfoma, o sarcoma pós – traumático e o hemangiossarcoma. Na maioria dos casos são tumores agressivos, com caraterísticas invasivas e predisposição para recorrências, apresentando um prognóstico reservado.
Esta dissertação tem como principal objetivo o cruzamento dos dados obtidos nos casos clínicos observados com a informação disponível na literatura, principalmente no que respeita aos vários métodos de tratamento. São descritos quatro casos clínicos observados durante o estágio curricular no Hospital Veterinário do Baixo Vouga. O primeiro caso clínico refere-se a um melanoma intra-ocular, o segundo a um sarcoma pós – traumático, o terceiro caso clínico é um carcinoma de células escamosas e por último apresenta-se um linfoma retrobulbar, todos eles em gatos.
As neoplasias que acometem o olho são pouco comuns nos gatos, porém não se deve negligenciar o seu diagnóstico definitivo, o qual idealmente deve ser precoce, nem o seu correto tratamento, devendo o médico veterinário ser capaz de expor e discutir com os tutores os vários tratamentos possíveis, numa tentativa de aumentar a sobrevida do animal.
The eyeball and its adnexa are susceptible to the development of primary and secondary tumors, whose clinical aspect varies according to the affected ocular tissue. In addressing these neoplasms it is necessary to underline the importance of a proper physical examination and a detailed eye examination. It may also be required complementary tests, being extremely important a diagnosis as accurate as possible so that it can be established an appropriate treatment plan to each animal and, whenever possible, to establish a prognosis to the owner. Ocular and periocular tumors constitute a threat to the visual ability of the animal (which may lead to enucleation), their quality of life, appearance and survival. Some of the most common tumors in cats include squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma, lymphoma, post - traumatic sarcoma and hemangiosarcoma. In most cases these are aggressive tumors with invasive characteristics and a predisposition to recurrences, with a poor prognosis. This dissertation aims to cross data from clinical cases observed with the information available in the literature, specially as regards the various methods of treatment. Four clinical cases seen during the internship at the Hospital Veterinário do Baixo Vouga are described. The first clinical case refers to an intraocular melanoma, the second refers to a post - traumatic sarcoma, the third clinical case is a squamous cell carcinoma and finally it is presented a retrobulbar lymphoma, all of them concerning cats. Neoplasms affecting the eye are uncommon in cats, but we should not neglect its definitive diagnosis, which should ideally be early, nor its correct treatment, and the veterinarian must be able to present and discuss with the owners several possible treatments in an attempt to increase the animal's survival.
The eyeball and its adnexa are susceptible to the development of primary and secondary tumors, whose clinical aspect varies according to the affected ocular tissue. In addressing these neoplasms it is necessary to underline the importance of a proper physical examination and a detailed eye examination. It may also be required complementary tests, being extremely important a diagnosis as accurate as possible so that it can be established an appropriate treatment plan to each animal and, whenever possible, to establish a prognosis to the owner. Ocular and periocular tumors constitute a threat to the visual ability of the animal (which may lead to enucleation), their quality of life, appearance and survival. Some of the most common tumors in cats include squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma, lymphoma, post - traumatic sarcoma and hemangiosarcoma. In most cases these are aggressive tumors with invasive characteristics and a predisposition to recurrences, with a poor prognosis. This dissertation aims to cross data from clinical cases observed with the information available in the literature, specially as regards the various methods of treatment. Four clinical cases seen during the internship at the Hospital Veterinário do Baixo Vouga are described. The first clinical case refers to an intraocular melanoma, the second refers to a post - traumatic sarcoma, the third clinical case is a squamous cell carcinoma and finally it is presented a retrobulbar lymphoma, all of them concerning cats. Neoplasms affecting the eye are uncommon in cats, but we should not neglect its definitive diagnosis, which should ideally be early, nor its correct treatment, and the veterinarian must be able to present and discuss with the owners several possible treatments in an attempt to increase the animal's survival.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Palavras-chave
Medicina veterinária , Oncologia , Neoplasias oculares , Gato