Vivências da família da pessoa em cuidados paliativos
Ficheiros
Data
2017
Autores
Título da revista
ISSN da revista
Título do Volume
Editora
Resumo
Introdução: A Saúde Familiar é compreendida como um estado subjetivo cujo processo dinâmico de ajustamento é estabelecido pelos processos adaptativos a transições como a de saúde-doença. A necessidade de cuidados paliativos por um familiar constitui uma delas. Atualmente assiste-se a uma mobilização de recursos direcionada à pessoa cuidada, emergindo a importância de atuar sobre a família. Deste modo torna-se peremptória a identificação das alterações familiares por forma a dar a resposta mais holística e adequada.
Objetivos: o objetivo principal do estudo consiste em compreender as vivências da família da pessoa em cuidados paliativos. Decorrente deste emergem os objetivos específicos, entre os quais se destacam: compreender as dificuldades e necessidades identificadas pelo familiar nesta etapa da carreira familiar; identificar as estratégias utilizadas pela família para ultrapassar as dificuldades proporcionadas pela situação; compreender a perceção da família sobre a importância da enfermagem para o cuidado prestado à pessoa e à família.
Metodologia: a abordagem adotada é qualitativa do tipo fenomenológico. Os dados colheram-se a partir uma amostragem intencional, através de uma entrevista semiestruturada a quatro filhos de pai/mãe em cuidados paliativos, recorrendo posteriormente à análise de conteúdo para a sua interpretação.
Resultados: a paliação de um familiar desequilibra o sistema familiar, sendo afetada a sua coesão e funcionalidade, o que requer adaptabilidade da família. Cada um dos membros familiares adota novos papeis por forma a atingir uma nova etapa de equilíbrio dinâmico. No decorrer desta transição a família experiencia sentimentos de luto antecipatório até à perda. O acesso a cuidados de saúde especializados facilita a vivencia do doente e da família. A rede de suporte formal permite o encaminhamento para as valências do Serviço Nacional de Saúde e potencia a adesão a novas competências. Os familiares recorrem a diversas estratégias para superarem a crise, apoiando-se na sua rede de suporte informal.
Conclusões: a família experiencia um processo de transição saúde doença e desenvolvimental quando o elemento requer cuidados paliativos, vivenciando sentimentos de luto antecipatório. Recorre às redes de suporte informal e formal para se adaptar e os diversos membros aderem a novos papeis por forma a reestabelecer a funcionalidade. O alcance do estado de equilíbrio é beneficiado pela avaliação e intervenção da enfermagem.
Introduction: Family Health is understood as a subjective state whose dynamic process of adjustment is established by the adaptive processes to transitions, such as health-disease. The need for palliative care by a family member is one of that transitions. Nowadays there is a mobilization of resources directed to the person cared for, nevertheless emerges the importance to take care of the family. In this way the identification of family changes is made peremptory in order to give the most holistic and adequate response. Objectives: The main objective of the study is to understand the experiences of the person's family in palliative care. From this emerges some specific objectives, standing out the following ones: understanding the difficulties and needs identified by the family member at this stage of the family career; Identify the strategies used by the family to overcome the difficulties through the crisis; Understand the family's perception about the importance of nursing as provider of care to the person and to the family. Method: The adopted approach is qualitative, phenomenological. The data has been collected from an intentional sampling, through a semi-structured interview of four adults, children of the palliative patients. The content analysis was then used for their interpretation. Results: The palliation of a family member unbalances the family system, affecting its cohesion and functionality, which requires adaptation. Each family member assumes new roles in order to achieve a new stage on the family career. Throughout this transition the family experiences feelings of anticipatory grief. Access to specialized health care facilitates the patient and family experience. The attendance by the formal support allows the referral to appropriate services of the Health Service and strengthens the adherence to new roles. The members use strategies to overcome the crisis, relying on their informal support network to. Conclusions: The family experiences a process of health and developmental transition when a member requires palliative care, experiencing feelings of anticipatory grief. They rely on informal and formal support networks to adapt and to the members adopt new roles to re-establish functionality. The reach of a stable state of functionality is promoted by nursing assessment and intervention.
Introduction: Family Health is understood as a subjective state whose dynamic process of adjustment is established by the adaptive processes to transitions, such as health-disease. The need for palliative care by a family member is one of that transitions. Nowadays there is a mobilization of resources directed to the person cared for, nevertheless emerges the importance to take care of the family. In this way the identification of family changes is made peremptory in order to give the most holistic and adequate response. Objectives: The main objective of the study is to understand the experiences of the person's family in palliative care. From this emerges some specific objectives, standing out the following ones: understanding the difficulties and needs identified by the family member at this stage of the family career; Identify the strategies used by the family to overcome the difficulties through the crisis; Understand the family's perception about the importance of nursing as provider of care to the person and to the family. Method: The adopted approach is qualitative, phenomenological. The data has been collected from an intentional sampling, through a semi-structured interview of four adults, children of the palliative patients. The content analysis was then used for their interpretation. Results: The palliation of a family member unbalances the family system, affecting its cohesion and functionality, which requires adaptation. Each family member assumes new roles in order to achieve a new stage on the family career. Throughout this transition the family experiences feelings of anticipatory grief. Access to specialized health care facilitates the patient and family experience. The attendance by the formal support allows the referral to appropriate services of the Health Service and strengthens the adherence to new roles. The members use strategies to overcome the crisis, relying on their informal support network to. Conclusions: The family experiences a process of health and developmental transition when a member requires palliative care, experiencing feelings of anticipatory grief. They rely on informal and formal support networks to adapt and to the members adopt new roles to re-establish functionality. The reach of a stable state of functionality is promoted by nursing assessment and intervention.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Enfermagem de Saúde Familiar
Palavras-chave
Enfermagem familiar , Saúde da família , Cuidados paliativos