A citologia na prática clínica em Medicina Veterinária
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2018-10-03
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A citologia é um exame complementar largamente usado na prática clínica, por ser simples, não invasivo, económico, rápido e de elevada repetibilidade. É por isso uma técnica muito atrativa para os clínicos veterinários, que mesmo com poucos recursos podem estabelecer um diagnóstico e instituir um tratamento adequado em muitas situações. Esta técnica reduz a lista de diagnósticos diferenciais, uma vez que pode ser usada como exame complementar, para estadiamento oncológico, orientação e monitorização de tratamento e decisões cirúrgicas. O presente relatório de estágio curricular do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária tem como principal objetivo demonstrar como a citologia é importante na atividade da clínica de animais de companhia. Na primeira parte deste relatório é feita uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a citologia e são abordadas algumas técnicas aplicadas em citologia. Na segunda parte deste relatório serão apresentados e discutidos cinco casos clínicos, que tive a oportunidade de acompanhar durante o meu periodo de estágio curricular, no Hospital Veterinário da UTAD em Vila Real. Os casos clínicos são referentes a três cães com hematologia, dermatologia e patologia oncológica e a dois gatos com patologia oncológica e efusão cavitária, onde este exame é insubstituível e essencial. As técnicas citológicas utilizadas nos casos clínicos foram citologia aspirativa de agulha fina, citologia não aspirativa de agulha fina, citologia ecoguiada, citologia por aposição e citologia de fluidos.
Cytology is a complementary examination widely used in clinical practice, being simple, non-invasive, economical, fast and highly repeatable. It is therefore a very attractive technique for veterinary clinicians, who even with few resources can establish a diagnosis and institute an appropriate treatment in many situations. This technique reduces the list of differential diagnoses, since it can be used as a complementary examination for cancer staging, guidance and monitoring of treatment and surgical decisions. The present report of the curricular internship of the Integrated Masters in Veterinary Medicine has as main objective to demonstrate how the cytology is important in the activity of the companion animal clinic. In the first part of this report a bibliographic review on the cytology is made and some techniques applied in cytology are approached. In the second part of this report will be presented and discussed five clinical cases, which I had the opportunity to follow during my period of curricular internship, at the UTAD Veterinary Hospital in Vila Real. The clinical cases refer to three dogs with hematology, dermatology and oncological pathology, and two cats with oncologic pathology and cavitary effusion, where this examination is irreplaceable and essential. The cytological techniques used in the clinical cases were fine needle aspiration cytology, non-aspirating fine needle cytology, echogenic cytology, cytology by apposition and fluid cytology.
Cytology is a complementary examination widely used in clinical practice, being simple, non-invasive, economical, fast and highly repeatable. It is therefore a very attractive technique for veterinary clinicians, who even with few resources can establish a diagnosis and institute an appropriate treatment in many situations. This technique reduces the list of differential diagnoses, since it can be used as a complementary examination for cancer staging, guidance and monitoring of treatment and surgical decisions. The present report of the curricular internship of the Integrated Masters in Veterinary Medicine has as main objective to demonstrate how the cytology is important in the activity of the companion animal clinic. In the first part of this report a bibliographic review on the cytology is made and some techniques applied in cytology are approached. In the second part of this report will be presented and discussed five clinical cases, which I had the opportunity to follow during my period of curricular internship, at the UTAD Veterinary Hospital in Vila Real. The clinical cases refer to three dogs with hematology, dermatology and oncological pathology, and two cats with oncologic pathology and cavitary effusion, where this examination is irreplaceable and essential. The cytological techniques used in the clinical cases were fine needle aspiration cytology, non-aspirating fine needle cytology, echogenic cytology, cytology by apposition and fluid cytology.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Palavras-chave
citologia , clínica de animais de companhia