Tratamento de feridas cutâneas com pele de tilápia do Nilo em cães e gatos: estudo piloto
Data
2022-08-04
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Em Medicina Veterinária, as feridas cutâneas assumem uma grande importância na prática
clínica, devido à sua elevada incidência. O processo de cicatrização é uma sequência de
eventos celulares e bioquímicos que começam a partir da perda da integridade do tecido
epitelial. Neste estudo, foi avaliada a eficácia do uso da pele de Tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis
niloticus) como penso biológico oclusivo para o tratamento de feridas cutâneas em animais
de companhia. As peles foram obtidas a partir de tilápias em aquacultura e, depois de passar
por um processo de limpeza e de esterilização, foram armazenadas até posterior aplicação.
Cinco animais do sexo feminino, dois gatos e três cães, foram incluídos no estudo. Estes
apresentavam feridas cutâneas abertas, cuja cirurgia reconstrutiva da pele não foi possível
realizar e se antevia acontecer uma cicatrização por segunda intenção. Após limpeza das
feridas, a pele foi aplicada à ferida, utilizando cola cirúrgica ou fio de sutura e trocada uma vez
por semana. O primeiro e o segundo casos clínicos, ambos gatos, apresentavam uma ferida
por desluvamento. O terceiro caso clínico tratou-se de um cão com uma ferida cirúrgica. O
quarto e o quinto casos, cão e gato respetivamente, apresentavam uma ferida do tipo
necrosante. Após o início da terapia com a pele, foi possível observar que as feridas destes
animais apresentaram, gradualmente, uma evolução cicatricial positiva, reduzindo a sua
extensão e presença de necrose e infeção, destacando a importância do diagnóstico
microbiológico em Medicina Veterinária, com realização de identificação e de testes de
sensibilidade a antimicrobianos, numa estratégia holística de saúde pública com especial foco
na abordagem do problema da multirresistência. Os resultados obtidos permitem suportar que
a pele de Tilápia do Nilo poderá ser considerada uma opção no tratamento de feridas abertas
em cães e gatos, como complemento ou alternativa à cirurgia reconstrutiva, por ser capaz de
proteger a ferida do meio externo, possuir baixo custo económico e proporcionar bem-estar
durante o tratamento.
In Veterinary Medicine, skin wounds are of great importance in clinical practice, due to their high incidence. The healing process is a sequence of cellular and biochemical events that begins with the loss of epithelial tissue integrity. The current study evaluated the efficacy of using Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) skin as an occlusive biological dressing in improving wound healing in companion animals. The skin was obtained from tilapia in aquaculture. The skin was sterilized and stored until further application. Five female animals, two cats and three dogs, were included in the study. They had open skin wounds, and a reconstructive skin surgery could not be performed, so a healing by secondary intention was expected to occur. After cleaning the wounds, the skin was applied to the wound using surgical glue or suture thread and changed once a week. In the first and second clinical cases, both cats had a degloving wound. The third clinical case was of a dog with a surgical wound. In the fourth and fifth cases, a dog, and a cat respectively, had a necrotizing wound. After beginning the skin therapy, it was possible to observe that the wounds of these animals gradually presented a positive healing evolution, reducing their extent and presence of necrosis and infection, highlighting the importance of microbiological diagnosis in Veterinary Medicine, in a holistic strategy of public health, with a special focus on addressing the problem of multidrug resistance. Findings suggested that the application of Nile Tilapia skin can be considered an option in the treatment of open wounds in dogs and cats as a complement or alternative to reconstructive surgery, capable of protecting the wound from the external environment, having a low economic cost, providing well-being during treatment and speeding up healing time.
In Veterinary Medicine, skin wounds are of great importance in clinical practice, due to their high incidence. The healing process is a sequence of cellular and biochemical events that begins with the loss of epithelial tissue integrity. The current study evaluated the efficacy of using Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) skin as an occlusive biological dressing in improving wound healing in companion animals. The skin was obtained from tilapia in aquaculture. The skin was sterilized and stored until further application. Five female animals, two cats and three dogs, were included in the study. They had open skin wounds, and a reconstructive skin surgery could not be performed, so a healing by secondary intention was expected to occur. After cleaning the wounds, the skin was applied to the wound using surgical glue or suture thread and changed once a week. In the first and second clinical cases, both cats had a degloving wound. The third clinical case was of a dog with a surgical wound. In the fourth and fifth cases, a dog, and a cat respectively, had a necrotizing wound. After beginning the skin therapy, it was possible to observe that the wounds of these animals gradually presented a positive healing evolution, reducing their extent and presence of necrosis and infection, highlighting the importance of microbiological diagnosis in Veterinary Medicine, in a holistic strategy of public health, with a special focus on addressing the problem of multidrug resistance. Findings suggested that the application of Nile Tilapia skin can be considered an option in the treatment of open wounds in dogs and cats as a complement or alternative to reconstructive surgery, capable of protecting the wound from the external environment, having a low economic cost, providing well-being during treatment and speeding up healing time.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Palavras-chave
Animais de companhia , Feridas cutâneas