Avaliação da qualidade de vida e do desempenho físico em pacientes clínicos e cirúrgicos com insuficiência cardíaca
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2014-03-12
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O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a qualidade de vida e o desempenho
físico em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca crônica, durante as atividades
de vida diária de forma individual. A metodologia consiste no estudo
transversal, realizado no Serviço Ambulatorial do Hospital Santa Isabel,
Salvador-Ba. Foram entrevistados 47 pacientes, de ambos os sexos, com
insuficiência cardíaca crônica, (idade 55,5±12,3 anos, peso 65,9±12,9 Kg,
altura 1,6±0,1cm e IMC 25,3±4,8 Kg/m2), subdivididos em dois grupos: clínico
(n=28) e cirúrgico (n=19). Para avaliar a qualidade de vida foi utilizado o
Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire, o nível de atividade fisica foi
mensurado por acelerometria (número de passos), durante 07 dias
consecutivos. Os dados foram analisados através do recurso ao programa
estatístico Statistical Package for Social Science (versão 16.0, SPSS Inc,
Chicago), sendo considerado para a análise descritiva, os valores da média e
desvio padrão, e para a comparação entre os dois grupos de estudo, o teste t
para amostras independentes. Quando não se verificou a normalidade,
recorremos ao teste de Mann-Whitney. Para correlacionar o perfil clínico e
cirúrgico quanto à categorização das variáveis clínicas, foi utilizado teste Exato
de Fisher. O nível de significância foi estabelecido em p≤0,05. Observou-se
predomínio do gênero feminino, com 29 (61,7%) dos participantes. Na
categorização da insuficiência cardíaca crônica, a Classe Funcional III foi a
mais frequente [26 (55,3%)], e a etiologia chagásica [19 (40,4%)], estando
presente a hipertensão arterial sistêmica prévia em 30 (63,8%) dos 47
indivíduos avaliados. Na avaliação da qualidade de vida, encontraram-se
relações significativas (p≤0,05), nas dimensões físicas dos pacientes com
insuficiência cardíaca crônica. Verificou-se que o perfil cirúrgico apresentava
melhor qualidade de vida. Quanto ao desempenho físico, a atividade de vida
diária, correspondeu a maior frequência nas atividades de intensidade muito
leve a leve, ressaltando a melhor competência no perfil clínico (p≤0,01). Não
foram observadas atividades com intensidade vigorosa a muito vigorosa.
Conclui-se que os pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca crônica apresentam
diferenças de desempenho físico em razão da idade, gênero, e o avanço da
doença, principalmente na realização das atividades de maior intensidade,
devido à presença da limitação física, mas sem impacto na qualidade e vida e
na relação interpessoal.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of life and physical performance in patients with chronic heart failure, during daily living activities. The methodology consists on a cross-sectional study conducted in the Ambulatory Service of Santa Isabel Hospital, Salvador-Bahia. A total of 47 patients with chronic heart failure, of both genders, were studied (55,5±12,3 years; 65,9±12,9 Kg; 1,6±0,1m and 25,3±4,8 Kg/m2), divided into two groups: clinical (n = 28) and surgical (n = 19). To assess the quality of life the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire, was used. The physical activity level was measured by the accelerometer (number of steps) during 07 consecutive days. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (version 16.0, SPSS Inc, Chicago). To compare the two groups were used the t test for independent samples. When the normality wasn´t observed, we used the Mann-Whitney test. To correlate the clinical and surgical groups regarding to the categorization of the clinical variables we used Fisher's exact test. The significance level was maintained at p≤0,05. There was a predominance of females, with 29 (61.7%) of the participants. In the chronic heart failure, the functional class III was the most frequent [26 (55.3%)], and chagas disease [19 (40.4%)], being present arterial hypertension in 30 (63.8%), of the 47 evaluated subjects. For the quality of life, were found significant relations (p ≤0.05), for the physical dimensions of chronic heart failure patients. The surgical patients showed a better quality of life. Considering the physical activity, daily living activities, were soft to very soft, with better performance in clinical profile (p ≤0,01). There wasn’t observed vigorous or very vigorous daily activities intensity. We concluded that chronic heart failure patients differ in their physical activities, due to age, gender, and disease progression, especially when performing activities of greater intensity, due to the presence of physical limitation, but with no impact on quality and life and interpersonal relations.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of life and physical performance in patients with chronic heart failure, during daily living activities. The methodology consists on a cross-sectional study conducted in the Ambulatory Service of Santa Isabel Hospital, Salvador-Bahia. A total of 47 patients with chronic heart failure, of both genders, were studied (55,5±12,3 years; 65,9±12,9 Kg; 1,6±0,1m and 25,3±4,8 Kg/m2), divided into two groups: clinical (n = 28) and surgical (n = 19). To assess the quality of life the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire, was used. The physical activity level was measured by the accelerometer (number of steps) during 07 consecutive days. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (version 16.0, SPSS Inc, Chicago). To compare the two groups were used the t test for independent samples. When the normality wasn´t observed, we used the Mann-Whitney test. To correlate the clinical and surgical groups regarding to the categorization of the clinical variables we used Fisher's exact test. The significance level was maintained at p≤0,05. There was a predominance of females, with 29 (61.7%) of the participants. In the chronic heart failure, the functional class III was the most frequent [26 (55.3%)], and chagas disease [19 (40.4%)], being present arterial hypertension in 30 (63.8%), of the 47 evaluated subjects. For the quality of life, were found significant relations (p ≤0.05), for the physical dimensions of chronic heart failure patients. The surgical patients showed a better quality of life. Considering the physical activity, daily living activities, were soft to very soft, with better performance in clinical profile (p ≤0,01). There wasn’t observed vigorous or very vigorous daily activities intensity. We concluded that chronic heart failure patients differ in their physical activities, due to age, gender, and disease progression, especially when performing activities of greater intensity, due to the presence of physical limitation, but with no impact on quality and life and interpersonal relations.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Ciências do Desporto, Especialização em Avaliação e Prescrição na Atividade Física
Palavras-chave
Atividade física , Insuficiência cardíaca , Qualidade de vida