Alterações bioquímicas em clones de castanheiro inoculados com Phytophthora cinnamomi
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2007
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Resumo
A doença da tinta do castanheiro, causada por Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands. É uma das mais importantes doenças do castanheiro. Os danos ocasionados são relevantes, resultando em perdas económicas significativas. Aspectos relacionados com a interacção castanheiro - Phytophthora cinnamomi têm sido pouco investigados e, consequentemente, são escassas as informações sobre alterações bioquímicas que ocorrem no hospedeiro. O objectivo do presente trabalho foi justamente estudar as alterações bioquímicas que ocorrem em clones de castanheiro resistentes à doença da tinta, infectados com Phytophthora cinnamomi.
O presente trabalho inicia-se com uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o castanheiro, incidindo na doença da tinta, causada principalmente por Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands. São abordados os sintomas da doença, bem como características do patogénio. São referidos os mecanismos de resposta das plantas a infecções provocadas por patogénios, bem como métodos preventivos, nomeadamente a indução de resistência em plantas contra fitopatogénios, um método alternativo de controlo de doenças que envolve a activação de mecanismos de resistência latentes na planta.
Na segunda do trabalho foram determinadas as alterações no conteúdo de proteína total, açúcares redutores, açúcares totais, fenóis totais, proantocianidinas e clorofila total em 7 clones de castanheiro experimentalmente inoculados com Phytophthora cinnamomi.
Ink disease in chestnut, caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands., is an important disease of chestnut crop. The damages are relevant, resulting in significant economic losses. Aspects related to chestnut-Phytophthora cinnamomi interaction has been little investigated and consequently information about biochemical alterations that occur in the host are rare. Thus, the objective of the present work was to study biochemical alterations that occur in chestnut plants resistant to the ink disease, infected by Phytophthora cinnamomi. The first part of this research was a literature review about chestnut trees, focusing the ink disease, caused specially by Phythophthora cinnamomi Rands. Are described the symptoms of the disease and some of the pathogen characteristics. The plant responses to pathological infections are mentioned, and a description of the preventive methods used against plant infections caused by P. cinnamomi is made. The induction of resistance in plants against pathogens is an alternate method of disease control, which involves the activation of latent mechanisms of resistance in the plant. Second, using 7 chestnut clones, alterations in the levels of total protein, reducing sugars, total sugars, total phenol, proanthocyanidins and chlorophyll in infected plants were evalued and describe changes related to the biochemical alterations.
Ink disease in chestnut, caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands., is an important disease of chestnut crop. The damages are relevant, resulting in significant economic losses. Aspects related to chestnut-Phytophthora cinnamomi interaction has been little investigated and consequently information about biochemical alterations that occur in the host are rare. Thus, the objective of the present work was to study biochemical alterations that occur in chestnut plants resistant to the ink disease, infected by Phytophthora cinnamomi. The first part of this research was a literature review about chestnut trees, focusing the ink disease, caused specially by Phythophthora cinnamomi Rands. Are described the symptoms of the disease and some of the pathogen characteristics. The plant responses to pathological infections are mentioned, and a description of the preventive methods used against plant infections caused by P. cinnamomi is made. The induction of resistance in plants against pathogens is an alternate method of disease control, which involves the activation of latent mechanisms of resistance in the plant. Second, using 7 chestnut clones, alterations in the levels of total protein, reducing sugars, total sugars, total phenol, proanthocyanidins and chlorophyll in infected plants were evalued and describe changes related to the biochemical alterations.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Biologia e Geologia para o Ensino, apresentada à Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro
Palavras-chave
Castanea sativa (castanheiro) , Phytophthora cinnamomi , Doença fúngica (tinta)