O poldro neonato: estudo dos fatores que influenciam o sucesso produtivo
Data
2020-02-04
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Diversos fatores podem influenciar o sucesso de um poldro neonato, tanto relacionados com a égua, como relacionados com o poldro. A avaliação desses fatores é essencial para assegurar um maneio adequado e para promover o sucesso produtivo dos poldros jovens e dos cavalos adultos. Este estudo teve como principal objetivo perceber de que forma podem os fatores maternais influenciar o peso e desenvolvimento do poldro neonato. Assim, foram estudados os efeitos da paridade, da idade e do peso da égua, do peso e da área da placenta e da duração da gestação, sobre o peso e algumas medidas biométricas do poldro até às 24 horas de vida. Complementarmente procedeu-se ao acompanhamento presencial de todos os partos das éguas incluídas no trabalho, tendo sido avaliados parâmetros relativos ao comportamento maternal e do poldro recém-nascido. Os poldros foram ainda pesados e medidos (altura ao garrote-AG, perímetro torácico-PT e perímetro da canela-PC) até aos dois meses de idade para caracterizar o seu crescimento e desenvolvimento durante esta fase precoce da sua vida. Durante a época reprodutiva de 2019 foram acompanhados partos de 41 éguas Lusitanas pertencentes à mesma coudelaria, em que o tempo médio de gestação foi de 339±8 dias e o peso da placenta foi de 5,46±1,1kg. Nas primeiras horas após o nascimento, os poldros apresentaram um peso de 4895±6,2kg, uma AG de 98,5±5,3cm, um PT de 80,5±12,5cm e um PC de 12,6±0,8cm. A duração da gestação não influenciou o peso ou as medidas dos poldros ao nascimento. A altura ao garrote foi influenciada pela paridade, apresentando as éguas primíparas, poldros mais pequenos (95,4±1,5 vs. 99,7±0,9 cm; P<0,05). O peso e a área da placenta tiveram um efeito significativo sobre as medidas dos poldros, verificando-se que as placentas mais pesadas e com maior superfície estão associadas a poldros maiores e mais pesados ao nascimento (P<0,05). A idade das mães apenas influenciou o peso e o PC dos poldros, apresentando as mães mais novas, poldros mais leves e com menor PC ao nascimento (P<0,05). Observou-se ainda uma correlação positiva entre o peso das mães e o peso dos poldros (0,36; P<0,05), embora não se tenha verificado nenhuma correlação entre o peso da égua e o peso da placenta. De acordo com o descrito na literatura, pode concluir-se que os poldros incluídos neste estudo apresentaram uma situação estável ao nascimento, não necessitando de intervenção e o crescimento dos poldros foi considerado normal durante o período de estudo. Os resultados das correlações estudadas, de um modo geral, estão dentro dos valores apresentados para a espécie equina. No entanto, este estudo veio contribuir para um melhor conhecimento da influência dos fatores maternais na produtividade do neonato Puro-Sangue Lusitano, dado que, tanto quanto é do nosso conhecimento, não existem até à data, dados publicados sobre o tema nesta raça.
Several factors may influence the productive success of a newborn foal such factors related to the mare and factors related to the foal. The assessment of these factors is essential to ensure a proper care and to promote the success of the yearling and adult horse. The aim of this study was to gain insight on how maternal factors may influence weight and development of the newborn foal. The effects of parity, age and weight of the mare, weight and placental area and length of gestation on weight and on biometric measurements of the foal up to 24 hours of life were studied. Complementarily, foaling of the mares included in the study were accompanied and parameters related to maternal and newborn foal behavior were evaluated. The foals were weighed and measured (height to withers-AG, thoracic perimeter-PT and cannon circumference-PC) until two months of age to characterize their growth and development during this early phase of their life. During the 2019 breeding season, 41 Lusitano mares of same stud were accompanied, with an average gestation length of 339 ± 8 days and placental weight of 5.46 ± 1.1kg. In the first hours after birth, the foals had a weight of 48,9 ± 6.2kg, AG of 98.5 ± 5.3cm, PT of 80.5 ± 12,5cm and PC of 12.6 ± 0.8cm. The length of gestation did not influence the weight or measurements of foals at birth. Withers height was influenced by parity, with primiparous mares having smaller foals (95.4 ± 1.5 vs. 99.7 ± 0.9 cm; P <0.05). Placental weight and area had a significant effect on foal measurements, with heavier and bigger placentas being associated with heavier and bigger foals at birth P <0.05). There was also a positive correlation between the weight of the mares and the weight of the foals (0.36; P <0.05). although there was no correlation between the weight of the mare and the weight of the placenta. According to the literature, it can be concluded that the foals included in this study presented a stable situation at birth, requiring no intervention and the growth of the foals was considered normal during the study period. The results of the correlations studied, in general, are within the values presented for the equine species. However, this study contributed to the knowledge of the influence of maternal factors on the productivity of the newborn in the Purebred Lusitano breed, since, to our knowledge, there are no published data on the subject in this breed to date.
Several factors may influence the productive success of a newborn foal such factors related to the mare and factors related to the foal. The assessment of these factors is essential to ensure a proper care and to promote the success of the yearling and adult horse. The aim of this study was to gain insight on how maternal factors may influence weight and development of the newborn foal. The effects of parity, age and weight of the mare, weight and placental area and length of gestation on weight and on biometric measurements of the foal up to 24 hours of life were studied. Complementarily, foaling of the mares included in the study were accompanied and parameters related to maternal and newborn foal behavior were evaluated. The foals were weighed and measured (height to withers-AG, thoracic perimeter-PT and cannon circumference-PC) until two months of age to characterize their growth and development during this early phase of their life. During the 2019 breeding season, 41 Lusitano mares of same stud were accompanied, with an average gestation length of 339 ± 8 days and placental weight of 5.46 ± 1.1kg. In the first hours after birth, the foals had a weight of 48,9 ± 6.2kg, AG of 98.5 ± 5.3cm, PT of 80.5 ± 12,5cm and PC of 12.6 ± 0.8cm. The length of gestation did not influence the weight or measurements of foals at birth. Withers height was influenced by parity, with primiparous mares having smaller foals (95.4 ± 1.5 vs. 99.7 ± 0.9 cm; P <0.05). Placental weight and area had a significant effect on foal measurements, with heavier and bigger placentas being associated with heavier and bigger foals at birth P <0.05). There was also a positive correlation between the weight of the mares and the weight of the foals (0.36; P <0.05). although there was no correlation between the weight of the mare and the weight of the placenta. According to the literature, it can be concluded that the foals included in this study presented a stable situation at birth, requiring no intervention and the growth of the foals was considered normal during the study period. The results of the correlations studied, in general, are within the values presented for the equine species. However, this study contributed to the knowledge of the influence of maternal factors on the productivity of the newborn in the Purebred Lusitano breed, since, to our knowledge, there are no published data on the subject in this breed to date.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Engenharia Zootécnica
Palavras-chave
poldro , égua