Avaliação do valor nutritivo de diferentes matérias primas para a alimentação de aves de rapina mantidas em cativeiro
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2020-01-08
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As aves de rapina encontram-se ameaçadas, um pouco por todo o globo e cada vez mais, é importante perceber como funciona a anatomia e fisiologia dos respetivos aparelhos digestivos, bem como a interação alimentos-metabolismo e o consequente efeito no crescimento, manutenção e reprodução destes animais. O principal objetivo desta dissertação foi realizar um ensaio de digestibilidade, testando 4 tipos de alimentos diferentes (pinto do dia, rato, ratazana e pescoço de galinha) em 8 aves de rapina. O ensaio foi realizado com as seguintes aves de cativeiro: Parabúteo de Harris (Parabuteo unicinctus), Falcão Peneireiro Americano (Falco Sparverius), Urubu de Cabeça Negra (Coragyps atratus), Coruja das Torres (Tyto alba) e Bufo de Bengala (Bubo bengalensis). Numa fase inicial, na análise do ensaio de digestibilidade, comparou-se o efeito dos alimentos nos 8 animais, concluindo que o alimento de maior digestibilidade é a ratazana e o Urubu o animal mais eficiente a nível digestivo. Numa segunda fase, comparou-se o efeito dos 4 alimentos, em duas espécies distintas Parabúteo de Harris (Parabuteo unicinctus) e Coruja das Torres (Tyto alba). O Parabúteo de Harris foi a espécie mais eficiente do ponto de vista da digestibilidade dos alimentos e a ratazana o alimento que apresentou maior digestibilidade. Futuramente, serão necessários mais ensaios, com outros alimentos e outras aves de rapina, para que se possa compreender, de forma mais clara, a influência da espécie animal na digestibilidade de alimentos para aves de rapina.
Birds of prey are threatened, all over the globe, it is very important to understand how their digestive mechanisms work and the influence that food has on the growth, maintenance and reproduction of these animals. The main objective of this dissertation was to perform a digestibility test, testing 4 different types of food (day-old chick, mouse, rat and chicken neck) in 8 birds of prey. The experiment was carried out with the following captive birds: Harris Hawk (Parabuteo unicinctus), American Kestrel (Falco Sparverius), Black-headed Vulture (Coragyps atratus), Tower Owl (Tyto alba) and Bengala Owl (Bubo bengalensis). In an initial phase, in the analysis of the digestibility assay, the effect of the foods in the 8 animals was compared, concluding that the food of better digestibility is the rat and the Urubu the most efficient animal at the digestive level. In a second phase, the effect of the four foods was compared, in two distinct species Harris Hawk (Parabuteo unicinctus) and Towers Owl (Tyto alba), as well as the interaction between them. The animal and food that show the best results are the Harris Hawk and the rat, respectively. In the future, further testing with other feed and other birds of prey will be necessary to understand more clearly the influence of the animal species on the digestibility of feed for birds of prey.
Birds of prey are threatened, all over the globe, it is very important to understand how their digestive mechanisms work and the influence that food has on the growth, maintenance and reproduction of these animals. The main objective of this dissertation was to perform a digestibility test, testing 4 different types of food (day-old chick, mouse, rat and chicken neck) in 8 birds of prey. The experiment was carried out with the following captive birds: Harris Hawk (Parabuteo unicinctus), American Kestrel (Falco Sparverius), Black-headed Vulture (Coragyps atratus), Tower Owl (Tyto alba) and Bengala Owl (Bubo bengalensis). In an initial phase, in the analysis of the digestibility assay, the effect of the foods in the 8 animals was compared, concluding that the food of better digestibility is the rat and the Urubu the most efficient animal at the digestive level. In a second phase, the effect of the four foods was compared, in two distinct species Harris Hawk (Parabuteo unicinctus) and Towers Owl (Tyto alba), as well as the interaction between them. The animal and food that show the best results are the Harris Hawk and the rat, respectively. In the future, further testing with other feed and other birds of prey will be necessary to understand more clearly the influence of the animal species on the digestibility of feed for birds of prey.
Descrição
Esta dissertação foi elaborada com vista à obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Zootécnica apresentada à Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro
Palavras-chave
Aves de rapina , Digestibilidade