Parâmetros Hematológicos e Bioquímicos: Estágio no Laboratório de Patologia Clínica da Unilabs
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2022-02-10
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O presente trabalho constitui o elemento de avaliação final do Curso de Mestrado de Biologia Clínica laboratorial da Universidade de Trás- os- Montes e Alto Douro de Vila Real. Este relatório pretende descrever todas as atividades realizadas durante todo o estágio no Serviço de Patologia Clínica da Unilabs do Hospital da Trofa, Vila Real nas valências da Hematologia e Bioquímica, pretendendo-se transmitir sobretudo a aplicabilidade destas áreas na clínica. O estágio curricular teve como objetivos a integração de conhecimentos na área de Biologia Clínica laboratorial (nas suas variadas vertentes), o desenvolvimento de competências e capacidades na área profissional dedicada às análises clínicas e a promoção do desenvolvimento da organização e da execução das atividades diárias na rotina laboratorial no Laboratório de Patologia Clínica. No laboratório de Patologia Clínica onde realizei o estágio efetuam-se análises aos parâmetros de bioquímica, nomeadamente proteínas totais, albumina, alanina aminotransferase (ALT) e aspartato aminotransferase (AST), amilase, creatina quinase total (CK total), fosfatase alcalina (ALP), gama-glutamil transferase (GGT), lactato desidrogenase (LDH), glicose, bilirrubina total, creatinina, ureia, proteína C reativa (PCR), marcadores cardíacos (troponina, mioglobina, D-dímeros ou dímeros de fibrina), gasimetria, ionograma e urianálise (urina Tipo II (sumária)). No setor da hematologia, realizam- se hemogramas e “international normalized ratio” (INR). Tive a oportunidade de observar e executar alguns procedimentos integrados na rotina laboratorial, tais como a manutenção diária e semanal dos equipamentos, a preparação de reagentes e a reconstituição de controlos de qualidade. Por outro lado, também pude adquirir conhecimentos aprofundados dos equipamentos e metodologias analíticas dos diferentes setores. Neste estágio, identifiquei os produtos biológicos necessários à execução das diferentes análises e abordei o trabalho laboratorial que foi desenvolvido. Durante o estágio, pude aprender todos os procedimentos que fazem parte da fase pré- analítica que vão desde a prescrição pelo clínico das análises a efetuar, até à amostra estar pronta para a sua análise laboratorial, incluindo a requisição das análises clínicas com a respetiva abertura da ficha informática, a identificação e a preparação, se necessária, do paciente, a identificação correta dos tubos de colheita, a colheita da amostra biológica pelo paciente ou por um profissional especializado, o transporte até ao laboratório e a triagem; bem como colaborar na aquisição dos parâmetros bioquímicos analisados.
The present work constitutes the element of final evaluation of the Master Course in Clinical Laboratory Biology at the University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real. This report intends to describe all the activities carried out during the entire internship at the Clinical Pathology Service of Unilabs at Trofa Hospital, Vila Real in the areas of Haematology and Biochemistry, with the intention of mainly transmitting the applicability of these areas in the clinic. The curricular internship had as objectives the integration of knowledge in the area of Laboratorial Clinical Biology (in its various aspects), the development of attitudes, competences and capacities in the professional area dedicated to clinical analyses and the development of the organization and the execution of daily activities in the laboratory routine at the Clinical Pathology Laboratory. In the Clinical Pathology laboratory where I did the internship, the analyses are carried out on the biochemical parameters, namely total proteins, albumin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), amylase, total creatine kinase (total CK), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glucose, total bilirubin, creatinine, urea, C-reactive protein (CRP), cardiac markers (troponin, myoglobin, D-dimers or fibrin dimers), blood gas analysis, ionogram and urinalysis (Type II urine (summary)). In the haematology sector, complete blood count and INR - prothrombin time are performed. I had the opportunity to observe and execute some integrated procedures in the laboratory routine, such as daily and weekly maintenance of equipment, reagents preparation and reconstitution of quality controls. On the other hand, I could also gain in-depth knowledge of the equipment and analytical methodologies of the different sectors. On this internship, I identified the necessary biological products to carry out the different analyses and addressed the laboratory work that is developed. During the internship, I was able to learn all the procedures that are part of the pre-analytical phase, ranging from the prescription by the clinician of the analyses to be carried out, until the sample is ready for its laboratory analysis, including the request for clinical analyses with the respective opening of the computer form, the identification and preparation, if necessary, of the patient, the correct identification of the collection tubes, the collection of the biological sample by the patient or by a specialized professional, transport to the laboratory and screening; as well as collaborating in the acquisition of the analysed biochemical parameters.
The present work constitutes the element of final evaluation of the Master Course in Clinical Laboratory Biology at the University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real. This report intends to describe all the activities carried out during the entire internship at the Clinical Pathology Service of Unilabs at Trofa Hospital, Vila Real in the areas of Haematology and Biochemistry, with the intention of mainly transmitting the applicability of these areas in the clinic. The curricular internship had as objectives the integration of knowledge in the area of Laboratorial Clinical Biology (in its various aspects), the development of attitudes, competences and capacities in the professional area dedicated to clinical analyses and the development of the organization and the execution of daily activities in the laboratory routine at the Clinical Pathology Laboratory. In the Clinical Pathology laboratory where I did the internship, the analyses are carried out on the biochemical parameters, namely total proteins, albumin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), amylase, total creatine kinase (total CK), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glucose, total bilirubin, creatinine, urea, C-reactive protein (CRP), cardiac markers (troponin, myoglobin, D-dimers or fibrin dimers), blood gas analysis, ionogram and urinalysis (Type II urine (summary)). In the haematology sector, complete blood count and INR - prothrombin time are performed. I had the opportunity to observe and execute some integrated procedures in the laboratory routine, such as daily and weekly maintenance of equipment, reagents preparation and reconstitution of quality controls. On the other hand, I could also gain in-depth knowledge of the equipment and analytical methodologies of the different sectors. On this internship, I identified the necessary biological products to carry out the different analyses and addressed the laboratory work that is developed. During the internship, I was able to learn all the procedures that are part of the pre-analytical phase, ranging from the prescription by the clinician of the analyses to be carried out, until the sample is ready for its laboratory analysis, including the request for clinical analyses with the respective opening of the computer form, the identification and preparation, if necessary, of the patient, the correct identification of the collection tubes, the collection of the biological sample by the patient or by a specialized professional, transport to the laboratory and screening; as well as collaborating in the acquisition of the analysed biochemical parameters.
Descrição
Relatório de Estágio original para obtenção do grau de Mestre em BiologiaClínica Laboratorial, na Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro
Palavras-chave
Patologia clínica , Bioquímica