Modelação dos consumos de energia ao abrigo do RSECE-E: utilização do modelo 5R1C
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2014-03-10
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O presente trabalho foca-se no aumento da eficiência energética em edifícios de serviços. Para verificar se um edifício é energeticamente eficiente é necessário determinar as necessidades energéticas para aquecimento e arrefecimento, visando o cálculo do Indicador de Eficiência Energética.
Procedeu-se à realização de um código computacional recorrendo à linguagem de programação Visual C#, utilizando como base de cálculo o modelo 5R1C. Trata-se de um método simples de hora a hora, apresentado pela Norma ISO 13790 como uma possibilidade de cálculo para situações em que seja admissível o recurso a metodologias simplificadas de previsão de consumos. O modelo 5R1C foi desenvolvido pelo Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment para realizar a simulação dinâmica de uma zona térmica. Esta simulação é realizada através de simplificações dos fenómenos de transferência de energia que ocorrem entre o ambiente interior e exterior.
O modelo contabiliza a transferência de calor por ventilação e por transmissão térmica assim como os ganhos de calor através de energia solar e os ganhos de calor internos. Trata-se de um trabalho que deverá ter continuidade no futuro, de forma a ser possível terminá-lo. O programa realizado foca-se apenas no cálculo de transferência de calor por transmissão e por ventilação, contudo, como trabalho futuro prevê-se o cálculo dos restantes parâmetros, de forma a determinar qual a eficiência de um determinado edifício. A metodologia de cálculo foi apoiada pela bibliografia apropriada e indicada pela Norma ISO 13790, de forma a calcular todos os parâmetros associados à transferência de calor.
O programa criado foi testado de forma a ser validado. Para isso recorreu-se à comparação dos resultados obtidos com resultados previamente obtidos. Verificou-se que o programa não apresenta problemas de cálculo, sendo um método bastante vantajoso, devido à sua facilidade de utilização e velocidade com que se obtêm resultados.
The current project focuses on the increase of energetic efficiency of services buildings. To check the energetic efficiency of a building it is necessary to determine the energetic demands regarding the heating and cooling, bearing in mind the calculation of the Index of Energetic Efficiency. A program using as basis of calculation the model 5R1C was created with the support of the software Microsoft Visual Studio 2010. This is a simple method which runs from hour to hour and is presented by the Norm ISO 13790 as a possibility for calculation in situations that enable the resource to simplified methods of predicting consumption. The model 5R1C was developed by the Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment to perform dynamic simulation of a thermal zone. This simulation is performed using simplifications of the phenomena of energy transfer occurring between indoor and outdoor environment. The system takes into consideration the transfer of heat through ventilation and transmission as well as the gain of heat through solar energy and the gain of internal heat. This is a project that should continue in the future in order to be able to finish it. The program conducted targets only the calculation of the transfer by transmission and ventilation; however as a future assignment it is intended to observe the remaining parameters in order to determine the efficiency of a certain building. The method of calculation was supported by the bibliography pointed out by the Norm ISO 13790 as a way of accounting for all the parameters associated to heat transfer. The created program was tested so it could be validated. Therefore the results obtained throughout calculations established by the program were compared with previously obtained results. It was concluded that the program does not sustain any calculation problems and is seen as an advantageous method due to its simplicity of use and ease of obtaining results.
The current project focuses on the increase of energetic efficiency of services buildings. To check the energetic efficiency of a building it is necessary to determine the energetic demands regarding the heating and cooling, bearing in mind the calculation of the Index of Energetic Efficiency. A program using as basis of calculation the model 5R1C was created with the support of the software Microsoft Visual Studio 2010. This is a simple method which runs from hour to hour and is presented by the Norm ISO 13790 as a possibility for calculation in situations that enable the resource to simplified methods of predicting consumption. The model 5R1C was developed by the Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment to perform dynamic simulation of a thermal zone. This simulation is performed using simplifications of the phenomena of energy transfer occurring between indoor and outdoor environment. The system takes into consideration the transfer of heat through ventilation and transmission as well as the gain of heat through solar energy and the gain of internal heat. This is a project that should continue in the future in order to be able to finish it. The program conducted targets only the calculation of the transfer by transmission and ventilation; however as a future assignment it is intended to observe the remaining parameters in order to determine the efficiency of a certain building. The method of calculation was supported by the bibliography pointed out by the Norm ISO 13790 as a way of accounting for all the parameters associated to heat transfer. The created program was tested so it could be validated. Therefore the results obtained throughout calculations established by the program were compared with previously obtained results. It was concluded that the program does not sustain any calculation problems and is seen as an advantageous method due to its simplicity of use and ease of obtaining results.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Engenharia Mecânica
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Eficiência energética , Consumo de energia , Edifícios