As alterações induzidas a longo prazo pela prática de exercício na composição corporal e na densidade mineral óssea de mulheres idosas com síndrome metabólica
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2014-11-10
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A literatura refere com evidência que prática regular de exercício trás
benefícios para a saúde da população idosa. Assim, o objetivo do presente
trabalho foi de analisar os efeitos da pratica de um programa comunitário de
exercício combinado, na composição corporal e na densidade mineral óssea
em mulheres idosas com síndrome metabólica. Métodos: O estudo teve um
desenho longitudinal randomizado e controlado com 32 semanas de duração.
A amostra foi de (n=20) mulheres idosas com síndrome metabólica
aleatoriamente divididas em um grupo experimental (GE, n=10; 61±5.0 anos),
ou grupo de controlo (GC n=10; 60±8.0 anos). As voluntárias do GE foram
submetidas a um programa de treino combinado, com três sessões semanais,
durante 32 semanas. A densidade mineral óssea, a massa magra e a massa
gorda foram medidas através do DUAL ENERGY X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY
antes e após o programa de exercício e os segmentos ósseos analisados
foram: colo do fêmur, triângulo de wards, grande trocanter e quadril, coluna
lombar total, cálcio total. A comparação inter-grupos das variáveis em estudo
foi efetuada pelo teste de Wilcoxon; e a comparação entre medidas através do
teste U de Mann-Whitney. Resultados: Identificou-se uma alteração
significativa da densidade mineral óssea ao nível do triângulo de wards
(Δ%=7.81; P=0.043) e um aumento significativo da massa magra (Δ%=2.39;
P=0.018), ambos no GE. Enquanto o GC diminuiu significativamente a sua
massa magra (Δ%=-4.61; P=0.028) após 32 semanas. Conclusão: A dinâmica
de alterações apresentadas pelo programa de exercício físico foi eficaz no
aumento da densidade da massa óssea em um segmento corporal importante,
e no aumento da massa magra, contribuindo assim para a prevenção da
osteoporose e sarcopenia, e melhorando a saúde das mulheres idosas do
presente estudo.
The literature refers evidence that regular exercise bring benefits to the health of the elderly population. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to analyze the long-term effects of a community combined exercise program on body composition and bone mineral density in elderly women with metabolic syndrome. Methods: This was a longitudinal randomized controlled study with 32 weeks. The sample consisted of elderly women (n=20= with metabolic syndrome randomly divided into an experimental group (EG, n=10; 61±5.0 years), or a control group (GC n=10; 60±8.0 years). The volunteers of EG underwent to a combined exercise program, three weekly session, during 32 weeks. Body composition and bone mineral density were measured pre- and post-training by DEXA, and the bone segments analyzed were the following: femur, wards triangle, greater trochanter, hip, totsl lumbar spine and total calcium. The comparison between groups was performed using the Wilcoxon test, and the pre- and post-training comparison analysis by the U Mann-Whitney test. Results: There were significant changes in bone mineral density in the wards triangle (Δ % = 7.81, P = 0.043) and a significant increase in fat-free mass (Δ % = 2.39, P = 0.018), both in the EG. The GC significantly decreased the fat-free mass (% Δ = -4.61, P = 0.028) after 32 weeks. Conclusion: Dynamics of changes inducedby the exercise program was effective in increasing bone mass density in a major body segment, and an increase in fatfree mass, thereby contributing to the prevention of osteoporosis and sarcopenia, and improving the health of older women in this study.
The literature refers evidence that regular exercise bring benefits to the health of the elderly population. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to analyze the long-term effects of a community combined exercise program on body composition and bone mineral density in elderly women with metabolic syndrome. Methods: This was a longitudinal randomized controlled study with 32 weeks. The sample consisted of elderly women (n=20= with metabolic syndrome randomly divided into an experimental group (EG, n=10; 61±5.0 years), or a control group (GC n=10; 60±8.0 years). The volunteers of EG underwent to a combined exercise program, three weekly session, during 32 weeks. Body composition and bone mineral density were measured pre- and post-training by DEXA, and the bone segments analyzed were the following: femur, wards triangle, greater trochanter, hip, totsl lumbar spine and total calcium. The comparison between groups was performed using the Wilcoxon test, and the pre- and post-training comparison analysis by the U Mann-Whitney test. Results: There were significant changes in bone mineral density in the wards triangle (Δ % = 7.81, P = 0.043) and a significant increase in fat-free mass (Δ % = 2.39, P = 0.018), both in the EG. The GC significantly decreased the fat-free mass (% Δ = -4.61, P = 0.028) after 32 weeks. Conclusion: Dynamics of changes inducedby the exercise program was effective in increasing bone mass density in a major body segment, and an increase in fatfree mass, thereby contributing to the prevention of osteoporosis and sarcopenia, and improving the health of older women in this study.
Descrição
Tese de Doutoramento em Ciências do Desporto
Palavras-chave
Envelhecimento , Osteoporose , Pós-menopausa , Sarcopenia , Saúde , Exercício combinado