Uma proposta de arquitetura de sistema de informação para as empresas agroalimentares do setor de produção de cogumelos: o caso Grupo Sousacamp
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2014
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O setor agroalimentar tem incorporado ao longo dos anos nos seus processos de gestão, tecnologias de informação potenciadoras de ganhos de eficiência e redução de custos. A utilização de sistemas de controlo e monitorização está a vulgarizar-se nos países industrializados. As tecnologias de informação, per si, não são resposta suficiente às necessidades informacionais de suporte à gestão das organizações, sendo que, em todas as organizações, em particular as de maior dimensão e complexidade, os seus sistemas de informação devem ser geridos de forma a estarem em constante alinhamento com o negócio.
Este projeto de investigação propõe uma arquitetura de sistema de informação, para o setor de produção de cogumelos, que dê resposta às necessidades de: desenvolver soluções à medida, integrar as soluções legadas com novas soluções, responder a padrões de qualidade internacionais e criar uma camada de abstração capaz de agregar um vasto conjunto de sistemas e tecnologias de informação para produzir conhecimento que sirva de suporte à tomada de decisão, resultando num artefacto único, mas passível de ser adaptado por outras realidades organizacionais.
Foi adotada como metodologia de investigação a design science research, pois esta é direcionada ao desenvolvimento de artefactos de tecnologias de informação destinados a resolver problemas organizacionais conhecidos.
O artefacto proposto foi desenvolvido e colocado em produção nas empresas do Grupo Sousacamp. O estudo e conhecimento das teorias de adoção de tecnologia, ao nível organizacional, serviu para apoiar o processo de decisão na adoção dos sistemas e tecnologias de informação e ajudou a construir a Arquitetura do SI do Grupo. O modelo DOI foi útil para compreender como os recursos humanos do Grupo influenciam a adoção da inovação, mas
principalmente para ajudar a identificar os principais colaboradores que influenciam a adoção de novas tecnologias. A framework TOE foi útil para compreender e analisar de que modo os fatores associados aos diferentes contextos poderiam afetar a adoção das tecnologias nas várias empresas do Grupo Sousacamp. Desta compreensão resultou a proposta de uma arquitetura para o Sistema de Informação do Grupo. Esta respeita o modelo de governação e incorpora a lógica funcional.
A Arquitetura encontra-se implementada no Grupo, tendo sido refinada ao longo do tempo. Para validar o artefacto desenvolvido no contexto organizacional em que está a ser utilizado, a equipa de investigação decidiu recolher feedback qualitativo junto dos recursos humanos, contemplando diversos níveis de especialização, de modo a percecionar a adequação da solução proposta para os problemas identificados.
The agrifood has been incorporating information technologies in its activities in order to potentiate efficiency and reduce costs. The use of control and monitoring systems is becoming normal in developed countries. Despite this, information technologies alone are not able to answer to companies needs on information that supports the management activities, especially when considering that in all organizations, in particular in the bigger ones, the existent information systems should be managed in order to constantly be aligned with the business requirements. The present research project proposes an Information System architecture for the mushroom production sector that has the ability to answer the needs for: developing customized solutions, integrate legacy solutions with new ones, assume a high level of compliance with international quality regulations and create a layer of abstraction that aggregates a wide set of information systems and technologies with the goal of producing knowledge and give support to the decision making process. Overall, the presented framework represents a unique artefact that might be adapted and applied to other organizational realities. In order to give theoretical and formal support to our research, we have adopted the design science research methodology, mainly because it is focused on developing information technologies artefacts aimed at solving known organizational problems. The proposed artefact was developed and deployed on Sousacamp Group enterprises. The study and knowledge of technology adoption at firm level theories, served as support to the adoption of information systems and technologies decision and to help build the business Group IS architecture. DOI model was useful to understand how the Group human resources adopted innovation, but most important it was useful to identify the collaborators who are able to influence their peers to adopt a given technology. From this awareness an Information System Architecture that answered to Sousacamp Group needs was proposed. This architecture was design in line with the existent business governance and with the existent functional logic. The proposed architecture is already being used by Sousacamp, and from this use it was already possible to improve certain details. In order to validate the presented artefact the research team decided to collect qualitative feedback from the users, always contemplating the existent specialization levels, thus allowing for a better perception on the referred artefact suitability to the identified business and organizational issues.
The agrifood has been incorporating information technologies in its activities in order to potentiate efficiency and reduce costs. The use of control and monitoring systems is becoming normal in developed countries. Despite this, information technologies alone are not able to answer to companies needs on information that supports the management activities, especially when considering that in all organizations, in particular in the bigger ones, the existent information systems should be managed in order to constantly be aligned with the business requirements. The present research project proposes an Information System architecture for the mushroom production sector that has the ability to answer the needs for: developing customized solutions, integrate legacy solutions with new ones, assume a high level of compliance with international quality regulations and create a layer of abstraction that aggregates a wide set of information systems and technologies with the goal of producing knowledge and give support to the decision making process. Overall, the presented framework represents a unique artefact that might be adapted and applied to other organizational realities. In order to give theoretical and formal support to our research, we have adopted the design science research methodology, mainly because it is focused on developing information technologies artefacts aimed at solving known organizational problems. The proposed artefact was developed and deployed on Sousacamp Group enterprises. The study and knowledge of technology adoption at firm level theories, served as support to the adoption of information systems and technologies decision and to help build the business Group IS architecture. DOI model was useful to understand how the Group human resources adopted innovation, but most important it was useful to identify the collaborators who are able to influence their peers to adopt a given technology. From this awareness an Information System Architecture that answered to Sousacamp Group needs was proposed. This architecture was design in line with the existent business governance and with the existent functional logic. The proposed architecture is already being used by Sousacamp, and from this use it was already possible to improve certain details. In order to validate the presented artefact the research team decided to collect qualitative feedback from the users, always contemplating the existent specialization levels, thus allowing for a better perception on the referred artefact suitability to the identified business and organizational issues.
Descrição
Tese de Doutoramento em Informática
Palavras-chave
Arquitetura de sistemas de informação , Sistemas de informação , Agroalimentar , Agroindústria , Organizações