Violência interparental: estilos parentais, psicopatologia e personalidade de adolescentes filhos únicos e com irmãos
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2018-02-08
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A violência entre o casal acarreta implicações a diversos níveis (físico, psicológico e emocional) e no exercício da parentalidade. Todo este acontecimento despoleta na vítima uma extensa vulnerabilidade e um misto de sentimentos e emoções nefastas sobre si própria e quanto à sua capacidade de educação. O stresse que advém dos episódios de violência desencadeia na vítima imprevisibilidade, comportamentos negligentes e agressivos perante os seus filhos. A presente investigação tem como objetivo verificar de que forma a violência psicológica entre os pais se correlacionam com os estilos parentais percebidos pelos adolescentes; analisar as diferenças das táticas de resolução de conflito e dos estilos parentais em função das variáveis sociodemográficas, nomeadamente, o sexo e a idade e o número de elementos na fratria, e analisar em que medida a Agressão Psicológica entre as figuras parentais pode exercer um efeito preditor nos estilos parentais. A amostra foi composta por 1095 indivíduos com idades compreendidas entre os 14 e 18 anos (M=15.67; DP=1.28). Para a recolha de informação recorreu-se ao uso de três instrumentos de autorrelato: um questionário sociodemográfico, as The Revised Conflict Tactics Scale - Parent-to-Parent Version (CTS2 – CA) e o Styles & Dimensions Questionnaire: Short Version (PSDQ). Os resultados indicam que a Agressão Psicológica do pai se encontra associada positivamente com a da mãe e negativamente com o Apoio e o Afeto, a Regulação, e a Cedência de Autonomia/Participação da mãe. Constatou-se que a perceção de Agressão Psicológica exercida sobre a mãe se associa positivamente com a Coerção Física da mãe. Foram, ainda, reportadas diferenças significativas nos estilos parentais face ao sexo e à idade. Por último, a perceção dos adolescentes sobre a Agressão Psicológica entre os pais difere nas diferentes faixas etárias. Com a presente investigação pretende-se fazer uma reflexão acerca da relação entre a violência interparental e os estilos parentais, e neste sentido podem destacar-se as implicações práticas, nomeadamente, o impacto da violência entre o casal no exercício da parentalidade. Assim, pretende-se que esta investigação possa contribuir para uma maior consciencialização acerca da problemática da violência interparental e das consequências que esta pode desencadear no desenvolvimento dos adolescentes, com intuito de sensibilizar os profissionais de saúde acerca deste fenómeno, bem como serem desenvolvidos programas de intervenção dirigidos para a parentalidade em contexto de violência doméstica.
The violence between couples entails implications at various levels: physical, psychological, emotional and during parenting exercise. This whole event unleashes in the victim an extensive vulnerability and a mixture of negative feelings and emotions about him or herself and his/her capacity of education. The stress that becomes from the violence episodes unleashes in the victim unpredictability, negligent and aggressive behaviors towards their children. The current research aims to verify how psychological violence between parents is correlated to the parental styles perceived by adolescents; to analyze differences in conflict resolution tactics and parental styles according to sociodemographic variables, namely gender and age and number of siblings and to analyze the extent to which psychological aggression among parental figures can exert a predictive effect on parental styles. The sample consisted of 1095 individuals aged between 14 and 18 years old (M=15.67; SD=1.28). For the collection of information, two self-report instruments were used: sociodemographic questionnaire, the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale – Parent-to-Parent Version (CTS2 – CA) and the Styles & Dimensions Questionnaire: Short Version (PSDQ). The results indicate that the Psychological Aggression of the father is positively associated with the physical coercion of the mother and negatively with the Support and Affection, the Regulation, the transfer of Autonomy / Participation. It was observed that the perception of Psychological Aggression exerted on the mother is positively associated with the Physical Coercion of the mother. Significant differences were also reported in parental styles regarding gender and age. Finally, the adolescents' perception of psychological aggression among parents differs in different age groups. With the present research, we intend to reflect on the relationship between interparental violence and parental styles. Thereby, we can highlight the practical implications, namely, the impact of violence between the couple on the exercise of parenting. Thus, it is intended that this research may contribute to a greater awareness about the problem of interparental violence and the consequences that this may trigger in the process of educating the children, in order to sensitize health professionals about this phenomenon, as well as to develop intervention programs aimed at parenting in the context of domestic violence.
The violence between couples entails implications at various levels: physical, psychological, emotional and during parenting exercise. This whole event unleashes in the victim an extensive vulnerability and a mixture of negative feelings and emotions about him or herself and his/her capacity of education. The stress that becomes from the violence episodes unleashes in the victim unpredictability, negligent and aggressive behaviors towards their children. The current research aims to verify how psychological violence between parents is correlated to the parental styles perceived by adolescents; to analyze differences in conflict resolution tactics and parental styles according to sociodemographic variables, namely gender and age and number of siblings and to analyze the extent to which psychological aggression among parental figures can exert a predictive effect on parental styles. The sample consisted of 1095 individuals aged between 14 and 18 years old (M=15.67; SD=1.28). For the collection of information, two self-report instruments were used: sociodemographic questionnaire, the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale – Parent-to-Parent Version (CTS2 – CA) and the Styles & Dimensions Questionnaire: Short Version (PSDQ). The results indicate that the Psychological Aggression of the father is positively associated with the physical coercion of the mother and negatively with the Support and Affection, the Regulation, the transfer of Autonomy / Participation. It was observed that the perception of Psychological Aggression exerted on the mother is positively associated with the Physical Coercion of the mother. Significant differences were also reported in parental styles regarding gender and age. Finally, the adolescents' perception of psychological aggression among parents differs in different age groups. With the present research, we intend to reflect on the relationship between interparental violence and parental styles. Thereby, we can highlight the practical implications, namely, the impact of violence between the couple on the exercise of parenting. Thus, it is intended that this research may contribute to a greater awareness about the problem of interparental violence and the consequences that this may trigger in the process of educating the children, in order to sensitize health professionals about this phenomenon, as well as to develop intervention programs aimed at parenting in the context of domestic violence.
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Violência interparental , irmãos , estilos parentais