Estudo de um modelo de tratamento e análise do Risco de Úlceras de Pressão
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2018-05-24
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As úlceras de pressão ocorrem a nível mundial, em diversos ambientes. Estas lesões são caracterizadas por serem dolorosas o podem ser associadas a outras complicações, possuindo um custo emocional e financeiro elevado. Estão associadas a diversos fatores como a humidade da pele, incontinência urinária, idade, má oxigenação tecidular e estado nutricional. A presente dissertação tem como objetivo perceber a eficácia da escala utilizada para prever o risco de úlceras de pressão em contexto real (Escala de Braden), no Hospital de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro e a realização de um estudo estatístico de modo a perceber quais os parâmetros mais relevantes no desenvolvimento das mesmas. Assim sendo, foram utilizados dados provenientes do Hospital de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro para a realização deste trabalho. Os dados utilizados remontam ao ano de 2017, no período de 1 de janeiro a 31 de dezembro, onde foram estudados 929 utentes, 49.2% do sexo feminino e 50.8% do sexo masculino, com idades compreendidas entre os 33 e os 104 anos. A avaliação do risco de úlcera de pressão tem maior ocorrência em pacientes com idades entre os 75 e os 85 anos. Relativamente à incidência de úlceras de pressão, a média de idades dos pacientes foi de 82 anos e os homens apresentam maior percentagem no desenvolvimento de úlceras ao longo do internamento. O serviço que apresentou maior registo de úlceras de pressão é o Internamento de Medicina, contando com 757 úlceras e o local anatómico com maior número de úlceras foi o sacro com 556. Em relação à Escala de Braden verificou-se que o parâmetro com maior percentagem foi o da Atividade, no item “Acamado” com 78%, sendo a imobilidade dos pacientes um elevado fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de úlceras de pressão. Todos os dados fornecidos foram tratados no programa RStudio, em linguagem R. Através dos resultados obtidos, verificou-se que em geral a escala de Braden é aplicada e funciona, devendo os profissionais ter em conta os resultados da mesma.
Pressure ulcers occur at worldwide, in different environments. This injuries are characterized by being painful and it can be associated to another complications, having a high emotional and financial cost. They are associated to several factors like skin humidity, urinary incontinence, age, bad tissue oxygenation and nutritional status. The presente dissertation has the objective of understanding the used scale efficience to prevent the pressure ulcers risk in real context (Braden scale), at Hospital de Trás-osMontes e Alto Douro, and the realization of a statistical study to understand whichparameters are more relevant in the development of the same. Therefore, it were used data coming from Hospital de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro to accomplish this work. The used data were from 2017, in the period from January 1 to December 31, where were studied 929 patients, 49.2% females and 50.8% males, with ages between 33 and 104. The pressure ulcer risk evaluation has more occurrence in patients with ages between 75 and 85. Relatively at the pressure ulcers incidency, the patients average age was 82 and the mens show a bigger percentage of developing ulcers over the internment. The service that presented the largest registry of pressure ulcers was the Internamento de Medicina, with 757 ulcers and the anatomical location with the highest number of ulcers was the sacrum with 556. In relation to the Barden Scale it was verified that the parameter with highest percentage was the Activity, in the item “bedridden” with 78%, being that the immobility of the patients is a high risk factor for the development of pressure ulcers. All the given data were treated in the RStudio program, in R language. Through the obtained results, it was verified that generally the Braden Scale is applied and it works, and the professionals have to take into account the results of the same.
Pressure ulcers occur at worldwide, in different environments. This injuries are characterized by being painful and it can be associated to another complications, having a high emotional and financial cost. They are associated to several factors like skin humidity, urinary incontinence, age, bad tissue oxygenation and nutritional status. The presente dissertation has the objective of understanding the used scale efficience to prevent the pressure ulcers risk in real context (Braden scale), at Hospital de Trás-osMontes e Alto Douro, and the realization of a statistical study to understand whichparameters are more relevant in the development of the same. Therefore, it were used data coming from Hospital de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro to accomplish this work. The used data were from 2017, in the period from January 1 to December 31, where were studied 929 patients, 49.2% females and 50.8% males, with ages between 33 and 104. The pressure ulcer risk evaluation has more occurrence in patients with ages between 75 and 85. Relatively at the pressure ulcers incidency, the patients average age was 82 and the mens show a bigger percentage of developing ulcers over the internment. The service that presented the largest registry of pressure ulcers was the Internamento de Medicina, with 757 ulcers and the anatomical location with the highest number of ulcers was the sacrum with 556. In relation to the Barden Scale it was verified that the parameter with highest percentage was the Activity, in the item “bedridden” with 78%, being that the immobility of the patients is a high risk factor for the development of pressure ulcers. All the given data were treated in the RStudio program, in R language. Through the obtained results, it was verified that generally the Braden Scale is applied and it works, and the professionals have to take into account the results of the same.
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Escala de Braden , Lesões corporais