Otites externas em cães: análise de casos clínicos
Data
2019-02-04
Autores
Título da revista
ISSN da revista
Título do Volume
Editora
Resumo
As otites externas em animais de companhia, nomeadamente em cães, são uma das situações mais comuns com que os clínicos se deparam na clínica de pequenos animais e definem-se como inflamação do ouvido externo. No entanto, apesar de serem comuns, existem vários fatores como a sua etiologia multifatorial, diferenças anatómicas e de resposta individuais que levam a que seja difícil criar linhas orientadoras para o tratamento de otites e por isso o sucesso deste é altamente variável. Neste trabalho foram descritos dezasseis casos clínicos, depois de um período de estágio de quatro meses no Hospital Veterinário do Baixo Vouga, com o intuito de analisar a abordagem a diferentes casos e a forma de optar pelas melhores opções de tratamento. Destes dezasseis casos dez foram cães com orelhas pendulares (62,5%), que é um fator predisponente para otites externas. Outro fator predisponente observado foi o aumento da humidade relativa do canal auditivo, mas isto apenas foi identificado num dos casos em que o animal teria estado em contato com água recentemente. Como causas primárias foram identificadas: atopia (25%), corpos estranhos (12,5%) e acumulação de cerúmen (12,5%) e como causa secundária a mais comummente identificada foi Malassezia spp. (62,5%), seguido de cocos (18,75%) e bacilos (6,25%), sendo que estas bactérias foram invariavelmente observadas em animais que também tinham sobrecrescimento de Malassezia spp. Dos casos clínicos apresentados, em nove, apenas foi possível identificar uma etiologia. Quanto ao tipo de tratamento, o mais comum foi combinar terapia tópica com sistémica (62%), seguido de apenas tratamento tópico (25%) e cirurgia ou outros procedimentos sob sedação (13%), não se tendo verificado nenhum caso em que se tenha apenas utilizado tratamento sistémico. Os produtos tópicos utilizados nestes casos foram: Osurnia® (5/16), Otoclean® (2/16), Easotic® (9/16), Otodine® (2/16), Cortavance® spray (1/16) e Omniotic® (1/16).
Otitis externa, particularly in dogs, is one of the most common situations that clinicians encounter in small animal practice and it can be defined as an inflammation of the external ear canal. However, although they are so frequent, there are numerous factors that make it difficult to create guide lines for the treatment of otitis externa, such as multifactorial etiology, individual anatomical differences and different response to the same treatment. Therefore its success is highly variable. In this study, were described sixteen clinical cases, after a four-month period of internship in ‘’Hospital Veterinário do Baixo Vouga’’, in Portugal, with the objective of analysing different approaches to clinic cases and how to choose the best treatment option for each animal. Of the sixteen cases, ten were dogs with pendulous ears (62,5%), which is recognized as a predisposing factor of otitis externa. Another predisposing factor observed was increasead relative humidity of the ear canal, but this was only identified in one case in which the dog had been in contact with water recently. As primary causes were identified the following: atopic dog (25%), foreign bodies (12,5%) and increased accumulation of cerumen (12,5%). As secondary cause the most commonly identified was the overgrowth of Malassezia spp. (62,5%), followed by coccus (18,75%) and bacilli (6,25%), also these last two were always observed in ears with Malassezia spp. overgrowth. Of the sixteen clinical cases in nine there was identified only one etiology. As for the treatment, the most common was to combine topical and systemic therapy (62%), followed by only topical (25%) and surgery/procedures under sedation (13%). Finally, the topical products used were the following: Osurnia® (5/16), Otoclean® (2/16), Easotic® (9/16), Otodine® (2/16), Cortavance® spray (1/16) and Omniotic® (1/16).
Otitis externa, particularly in dogs, is one of the most common situations that clinicians encounter in small animal practice and it can be defined as an inflammation of the external ear canal. However, although they are so frequent, there are numerous factors that make it difficult to create guide lines for the treatment of otitis externa, such as multifactorial etiology, individual anatomical differences and different response to the same treatment. Therefore its success is highly variable. In this study, were described sixteen clinical cases, after a four-month period of internship in ‘’Hospital Veterinário do Baixo Vouga’’, in Portugal, with the objective of analysing different approaches to clinic cases and how to choose the best treatment option for each animal. Of the sixteen cases, ten were dogs with pendulous ears (62,5%), which is recognized as a predisposing factor of otitis externa. Another predisposing factor observed was increasead relative humidity of the ear canal, but this was only identified in one case in which the dog had been in contact with water recently. As primary causes were identified the following: atopic dog (25%), foreign bodies (12,5%) and increased accumulation of cerumen (12,5%). As secondary cause the most commonly identified was the overgrowth of Malassezia spp. (62,5%), followed by coccus (18,75%) and bacilli (6,25%), also these last two were always observed in ears with Malassezia spp. overgrowth. Of the sixteen clinical cases in nine there was identified only one etiology. As for the treatment, the most common was to combine topical and systemic therapy (62%), followed by only topical (25%) and surgery/procedures under sedation (13%). Finally, the topical products used were the following: Osurnia® (5/16), Otoclean® (2/16), Easotic® (9/16), Otodine® (2/16), Cortavance® spray (1/16) and Omniotic® (1/16).
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Medicina Veterinária apresentada à Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro
Palavras-chave
Cão , Dermatologia , Otites externas , Etiologia multifatorial , Malassezia spp , Citologia auricula