Suporte nutricional no período pós-cirúrgico
Data
2019-02-12
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O suporte nutricional iniciado cedo no período pós-cirúrgico diminui a taxa de mortalidade e diminui a duração do período de hospitalização. Estão descritos alguns nutrientes que podem ser benéficos no período pós-cirúrgico para ajudar a cicatrização e recuperação. Durante a hospitalização deve fazer-se por cumprir as necessidades energéticas em repouso, a não ser que haja contraindicação. Analisou-se os dados relativos à hospitalização de cães submetidos a cirurgia com acesso à cavidade abdominal seguida de um período de hospitalização superior ou igual a 3 dias. Foram avaliados 25 cães, onde se apreciou separadamente a influencia da energia ingerida diariamente e da utilização de tubo nasogástrico na ingestão de energia nos dias de internamento seguintes, na variação de peso diária e na duração da hospitalização. A conclusão a que se chegou foi que em todos os dias de hospitalização deve fazer-se por cumprir as necessidades energéticas em repouso de cada animal, mas o cumprimento das necessidades energéticas não é significativo para a diminuição do número de dias de hospitalização. Os animais aos quais não foi aplicado tubo nasogástrico apresentaram períodos de hospitalização mais curtos, este resultado pode ser explicado pelo facto de o método de avaliação em que foi testada esta hipótese não ter sido o mais correto para tirar conclusões, isto porque os animais a que foram colocados tubos NG não ingeriram alimento no primeiro dia de internamento, estando em desvantagem em relação aos que ingeriram voluntariamente alimento nesse mesmo dia. Para melhorar o método de avaliação utilizado neste estudo, os animais com tubo NG deviam ser escolhidos de forma aleatória e todos os animais deveriam começar a ser alimentados no mesmo dia.
The early nutritional support in the post-operative period decreases the mortality rate and decreases the duration of hospitalization. Some nutrients may be beneficial in the post-surgical period, helping in the healing and recovery. During hospitalization, it should be accomplished the resting energy requirements, unless there is a contraindication. Data regarding the dog’s hospitalization that undergone surgery with access to the abdominal cavity followed by a hospitalization period of at least 3 days were analysed. Twenty-five dogs were evaluated, in which was separately accessed the influence of daily energy intake and the use of nasogastric tube in the energy intake on the following days of hospitalization, also on daily weight variation and duration of hospitalization. The conclusion was that on each day of hospitalization, the resting energy requirements of each animal should be met but meeting the energy requirements is not significant for the reduction of days of hospitalization. The animals that didn’t had nasogastric tube had shorter hospitalization periods, this result can be explained by the fact that the evaluation method in which this hypothesis was tested was not the correct one to draw conclusions, because the animals that had NG tubes weren’t fed on the first day of hospitalization, being at a disadvantage compared to those who voluntarily ingested food in that same day. To improve the method of assessment used in this study, the animals with NG tube should be randomly selected and all animals should start the feeding on the same day
The early nutritional support in the post-operative period decreases the mortality rate and decreases the duration of hospitalization. Some nutrients may be beneficial in the post-surgical period, helping in the healing and recovery. During hospitalization, it should be accomplished the resting energy requirements, unless there is a contraindication. Data regarding the dog’s hospitalization that undergone surgery with access to the abdominal cavity followed by a hospitalization period of at least 3 days were analysed. Twenty-five dogs were evaluated, in which was separately accessed the influence of daily energy intake and the use of nasogastric tube in the energy intake on the following days of hospitalization, also on daily weight variation and duration of hospitalization. The conclusion was that on each day of hospitalization, the resting energy requirements of each animal should be met but meeting the energy requirements is not significant for the reduction of days of hospitalization. The animals that didn’t had nasogastric tube had shorter hospitalization periods, this result can be explained by the fact that the evaluation method in which this hypothesis was tested was not the correct one to draw conclusions, because the animals that had NG tubes weren’t fed on the first day of hospitalization, being at a disadvantage compared to those who voluntarily ingested food in that same day. To improve the method of assessment used in this study, the animals with NG tube should be randomly selected and all animals should start the feeding on the same day
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Medicina Veterinária apresentada à Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro
Palavras-chave
Nutrição , Suporte nutricional , Cirurgia , Pós-cirúrgico